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英语翻译Research suggests that parents who reward self-control a

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/10/06 05:57:37
英语翻译
Research suggests that parents who reward self-control and independence tend to have children with high achievement motivation(动机).Such parents set high standards for their children but allow them to work at their own level and to make their own mistakes.By contrast,parents of low need achievers typically set impossibly high goals for their children and make extreme demands.In addition,parents of high need achievers encourage good performance but do not reproach their children when they fail.If a child comes home from school with four A’s and one B on a report card,the parents focus on the A’s; parents of a potentially low need achiever tend to ask,“why the ” Parents of high need achievers respond to mediocre (普普通通的) grades with warmth and suggestions for reasonable goals and ways to reach them.Parents of low need achievers might say,“You’re dumb and lazy you’ll never amount to anything”,and punish the child.When a child is having trouble with a math problem,the parent of a potentially high need achiever will suggest the general measures and let the child work out the particular solution; a low need achiever’s parent will solve the problem and then hand the child the answer.
That needs for affiliation (隶属关系) and achievement exist within all of us,to varying degrees,is undeniable (不可否认的).And although biological bases for at least the affiliation need have been proposed,a great deal more is known about the psychological bases of these needs and how they come about.
Closely related to motivation are emotions,which can activate (刺激) and direct behavior in much the same way as physiological,social,and psychological motivations do.
自己翻译的,不知道行不行阿..
调查显示,重视自制力和独立意识的家长更容易培养出有强烈成功欲望的孩子.这种家长对孩子的要求严格却会允许孩子在自己能力范围里行动并允许错误的出现.对比而言,对成功要求低的家长会普遍为孩子订下不可期望的高目标和高标准.另外,前者鼓励良好的表现,却不会在孩子失败时加以责备.如果孩子在学校获得了4个A和一个B,这类家长会注重在那些A;后一类家长却更容易责问:“为什么拿到的是B?”前者对普通成绩的反应是温和的态度、对合理目标的建议和达到目标的方法.后者的则是“你真蠢、真懒、你永远也不会成功.”和惩罚.如果孩子的数学有问题,前者会建议普适的学习方法并让孩子去想出一些不同的解决方法(多角度思维)并给出答案.
在不同程度上,内在的隶属关系和专长都是必要的.尽管在至少生物学基础上隶属关系的需要已经被提出,在心理上这些需求和内容的都是必要的.(这一段不太确定是否完全正确)
情感能够像心理学,社会学和心理倾向一样在很多方面能激发并引导行动,这与动力关系十分密切.