英语翻译4、U.K.standards (Chapter 3) and IFRS (Chapter 8) are sai

英语翻译
4、
U.K.standards (Chapter 3) and IFRS (Chapter 8) are said to reflect principles-based standards,while U.S.standards (this chapter) are said to be rules-based.Generally speaking,principles-based standards set forth broad objectives and fundamentals and require professional judgment for their implementation.They are more flexible than rules-based standards and are likely to result in more divergence in practice.Rules-based standards are more specific in their requirements and have more detailed implementation guidance than principles-based standards.They are likely to result in more comparability than principles-based standards,but are said to foster a “check the box” mentality.The chapter says that U.S.GAAP is “probably more voluminous than in the rest of the world combined and substantially more detailed than in any other country.” Thus,one can argue that U.S.GAAP is rules-based.
5、
The two broad objectives of investor-oriented equity markets are investor protection and market quality.In the absence of investor protection,investors will not be willing to participate in a market.However,in the absence of market quality,markets will not function satisfactorily.Many would consider the objectives equally important.

4、
英国标准 （第 3 章) 和 IFRS（第 8 章) 据说反映以原则为基础的标准,而美国标准 （这一个章节）据说变得以规则为基础.一般来说,以原则为基础的标准为他们的落实发表宽广的目的和原则而且需要专业的裁判.他们是比以规则为基础的标准更多的有柔性的标准而且可能在练习中造成较多的分歧.以规则为基础的标准在他们的需求中更特定而且超过以原则为基础的标准有更多详细的落实指导.他们可能造成的相似性比以原则为基础的标准多,但是据说养育一个 " 检查盒子 " 精神力.章节说美国 GAAP 是”或许更卷数多的超过在世界的其它部分中组合和实质上更详细的超过在任何其他的国家.”因此,一能主张美国 GAAP 是以规则为基础的.
5、
投资者导向公正市场的两个宽广目的是投资者保护而且销售质量.缺乏投资者保护,投资者将不愿意参与一个市场.然而,缺乏市场质量,市场将不满意地动作.多数会考虑目的相等重要.