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He reduced the price of all his goods by 20 per cent

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He reduced the price of all his goods by 20 per cent
这里介词BY啥意思呀?
educe sth by xx%.固定搭配.意为sth减少了百分之xx.
reduce by 即为减少了多少的意思.
by不做任何意思,只做句子成分而已.
区别:reduce to即为减少到...的意思.
例如:He reduced the price of all his goods to 20 per cent.
即为他把他所有商品的价格减少到20%.(2折出售)