英语翻译What Is Microfinance?Microfinance is the supply of loans

英语翻译
What Is Microfinance?
Microfinance is the supply of loans,savings,and other basic financial services to the poor people living in poverty,like everyone else,need a diverse range of financial instruments to run their businesses,build assets,stabilize consumption,and shield themselves against risks.Financial services needed by the poor include working capital loans,consumer credit,savings,pensions,insurance,and money transfer services.
The poor rarely access services through the formal financial sector.They address their need for financial services through a variety of financial relationships,mostly informal.Credit is available from informal commercial and non-commerical money-lenders but usually at a very high cost to borrowers.Savings services are available through a variety of informal relationships like savings clubs,rotating savings and credit associations,and mutual insurance societies that have a tendency to be erratic and insecure.
Providers of financial services to the poor include donor-supported,non-profit non-government organizations (NGOs),cooperatives; community-based development institutions like self-help groups and credit unions; commercial and state banks; insurance and credit card companies; wire services; post offices; and other points of sale.NGOs and other non-bank financial institutions have led the way in developing workable credit methodologies for the poor and reaching out to large numbers of the poor.Throughout the 1980s and 1990s,these programs improved upon the original methodologies and bucked conventional wisdom about financing the poor.They have shown that the poor repay their loans and are willing and able to pay interest rates that cover the costs of providing the loans.
Financial services for the poor have proved to be a powerful instrument for poverty reduction that enables the poor to build assets,increase incomes,and reduce their vulnerability to economic stress.However,with nearly one billion people still lacking access to basic financial services,especially the very poor,the challenge of providing financial services to them remains.Convenient,safe,and secure deposit services are a particularly crucial need.

什么是小额信贷?小额信贷是提供贷款,储蓄,以及其他基本向穷人提供金融服务的人生活在贫困中 跟大家一样,需要有各种不同的金融手段来经营,建立资产,稳住消费 盾牌和抵御风险.金融服务需要的贫困者包括周转金贷款,消费信贷,储蓄,养老金保险,和金钱转移服务.穷人很少通过正规的金融机构接入服务.他们解决他们的金融服务的需求,通过各种财务关系,主要是非正式的.信用是可以从正规的商业和非commerical放债但通常在一个相当高的成本borrowers.savings服务,可通过各种非正式关系如储蓄俱乐部,轮流储蓄和信贷协会 而相互保险协会说,有一种倾向是不稳定和不安全的.供应向穷人提供金融服务,包括捐助者支持的,非赢利性的非政府组织( NGOs ) ,合作社：基于社区发展的机构,例如自助团体和信用合作社、商业和国家银行、保险和信用卡公司、外电、邮局和其他销售点.非政府组织和其它非银行金融机构为穷人已率先从制定可行的信贷方法并深入到大部分的穷人.在整个80年代和90年代,这些方案的改进,原来的方法和bucked conventional wisdom about融资穷人.这些都表明,穷人 还债,并愿意和能够付出的利息支付提供贷款.为穷人提供金融服务已被证明是一个强大的工具,减少贫困,使穷人建立资产,增加收入,并减少其脆弱的经济压力.但是,随着近1亿人仍得不到基本的金融服务,特别是在非常恶劣,挑战提供金融服务对他们依然存在.操作简便,安全可靠的存款服务是一个特别重要的需要.
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