英语翻译儒家思想,又称儒学,也有人认为它是一种宗教而称之为儒教,最初指的是冠婚丧祭时的司仪,自汉代起指由孔子春秋鲁国创立

英语翻译
儒家思想,又称儒学,也有人认为它是一种宗教而称之为儒教,最初指的是冠婚丧祭时的司仪,自汉代起指由孔子春秋鲁国创立的后来逐步发展以仁为核心的思想体系.儒家的学说简称儒学,是中国古代的主流意识流派,自汉以来在绝大多数的历史时期作为中国的官方思想,至今也是一般华人的主流思想基础.儒家学派对中国,东亚乃至全世界都产生过深远的影响.奉儒学为官学的最后一个王朝大清帝国被民国取代以后,儒家思想受到了外来新文化最大限度的冲击,不过在历经多种冲击、浩劫乃至官方政权试图彻底铲除儒家思想之后,儒家思想依然是中国社会一般民众的核心价值观,并在世界上作为中国文化的代表和民族传统的标记.
儒家的思想和主张
儒家思想指的是儒家学派的思想,由春秋末期思想家孔子所创立.孔子创立的儒家学说在总结、概括和继承了夏、商、周三代尊尊亲亲传统文化的基础上形成的一个完整的思想体系.”儒家学派的创始人孔子说过：“述而不作,信而好古”是自己的思想本色.
儒家哲学注重人的自身修养,要与身边的人建立一种和谐的关系.对待长辈要尊敬讲礼貌.朋友之间真诚守信用,“与朋友交言而有信”.为官者要清廉爱民.做人有自知之明,尽份内事,“君子务本,本立而道生.”.统治者要仁政爱民,“为政以德,譬如北辰,居其所而众星共之.”.对待其他人要博爱,“幼吾幼,及人之幼.老吾老,及人之老.”.对待上司要忠诚\,“君使臣以礼,臣事君以忠.”.对待父母亲属要孝顺,“父母在,不远游.”,“今之孝者,是谓能养.至於犬马,皆能有养；不敬,何以别乎?”.尊重知识,“朝闻道,夕死可矣.”,善於吸取别人的长处,“见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也.”提倡人要到达温、良、恭、俭、让的道德境界.
儒家思想的特点和地位
儒家思想不同其它宗教.一般的宗教,往往力图一统宇宙,把“自然”、“科学”和“人”、“社会”的问题建立在一个体系之下,而人类对“自然”、“科学”的认识呈现日渐增长的状态,因而过去宗教的设论不断地变成谬误；在当时无法理解的一些基本问题上,各种宗教则做了各种编造.儒家思想关注的并非“自然”、“科学”,而是人和社会,是人类永恒的课题,在这些永恒的课题上儒家思想建立起了具有永恒价值的价值体系.
儒学的影响
儒学在中国存在几千年,对於中国的政治、经济等各个方面依然存在深刻的潜在影响,这种影响在短期内不会消除.儒家思想一直是汉族及中国其他民族等民众最基本的主流价值观.“礼、义、廉、耻、仁、爱、忠、孝”的儒家思想基本价值观,它们一直是指导绝大部分中国人日常行为的基本意识规则.中华民族礼貌友善、温良忠厚和认真刻苦的气质,也是在儒家的教化下逐渐形成的.
但也有人认为,儒学忽略了人的个性.周思明教授说道：“这一点在宋明理学以后发展得越来越严重.就是儒学经过了董仲舒到了宋明变成了理学,理学后来到了明清,变成了礼教.总的趋势是人文精神越来越淡薄,越来越削弱.人的自身价值越来越被忽视和压制,那么在明代中后期,已经有许多学者注意到了这个问题,比如王阳明和王阳明的弟子王艮,像这样一些学者,像李贽公开反对,反对以孔子之是非为是非,他们比较犟调要重视人的自我价值.”
在近代,由於中国的落后,面临亡国灭种的现实危机,使得大多数知识份子不得不反思中国落后的原因,许多知识分子认为是儒家思想造成中国的落后局面,提出了“打倒孔家店”的口号.

Confucianism,also known as Confucianism,it was also suggested that it is a religion known as Confucianism,Initially referring to the funeral,festival to crown the ceremony,Since the Han Dynasty played by a Confucius Chunqiu yeat.Most founded the gradual development of a charge of the core ideology.Confucian doctrine called Confucianism of ancient Chinese awareness of mainstream schools,Since the Han majority since the period of history as China's official ideology,Chinese is now the general mainstream ideological foundation.Confucian school of China,East Asia and the whole world have had a far-reaching impact.Cultures most of the last Qing Dynasty Empire was replaced in the future,Confucian ideas of alien culture to maximize the impact,but the experienced multiple shocks,Holocaust and the official government attempts to eradicate the Confucian thinking,Confucian thinking is still the general public the core values and in the world as a representative of the Chinese culture and national traditions markings.Confucian thoughts and ideas of Confucianism refers to the Confucian school of thought,by the end of the Spring and Autumn thinker Confucius created.Confucius founded the Confucian doctrine in summing up and inherited the Xia,Shang and Chou dynasties Respect kissed traditional culture formed on the basis of a complete ideological system."The founder of the Confucian school of Confucius said :" Narrative History.Ancient good letter "is their ideological character.Confucian philosophy focus on the self-cultivation,with the people around him to establish a harmonious relationship.treated to respect elders courteous.friends with a sincere and trustworthy,"with his friends keep their word." official who love to clean.It is important in life,do homework,"the gentleman of the Treasury,Benli and sang.." Loving benevolent rulers,"as the government by virtue,for example,Tien,ranking it but also a symbol of power and ideas.." Treat other people to love,"David I David,and David's people.Need to look after the elderly and old person.." Supervisors to treat loyal \,"Monarch envoy to the ceremony,Robinson serving as loyalty.." Treat relatives to obey their parents,"parents,not to seek their fortunes."" Today's Howard,is that he could support.As for the shot,promises to have pets.Disrespectful,why not failure.." Respect for knowledge,"hear,the eve of death anything.,"To draw on the strength of others,Rites" no-see-examination and also within."Promote people to go to warm,very good,respectful,thrifty,Let the moral realm.Confucian thinking of the characteristics and status of Confucian thinking different other religions.General religion,often trying to unified universe,the "natural","scientific" and "person","social" issues in the establishment of a system,Human right "natural" and "science" of showing growing state,over the past based on religion continue to become a fallacy; at the time could not understand some basic issues,various religions,a variety of fabrication.Confucian thinking concern is not "natural","science",but human and social,is the eternal topic,in the eternal issue of Confucian thought has established a permanent value system of values.Confucianism of Confucianism in China deposit several thousand years,China's political,economic and other aspects remain profound potential impact impact in the short term will not go away.Confucian thought has been the Han Chinese and other ethnic groups,such as people of the most basic value of the mainstream concept."propriety,justice,honesty and sense of shame,benevolence,love,loyalty,filial piety," the basic values of Confucianism,They have been guiding the majority of the Chinese people the basic day-to-day awareness of the rules.Chinese polite,friendly and Confucius thick and serious grilling temperament,as well as the classes in Confucian gradually taken shape.However,some people think,Confucianism overlook the human personality.Professor Zhou Si-ming said :"This point in the future development of Neo-Confucianism increasingly serious.Confucianism is after Dong Zhongshu of the Neo into a physical,physical later in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,has become a decency.The general trend is the humanistic spirit increasingly weak,increasingly weakened.The values are increasingly neglected and suppressed,and then in the late Ming Dynasty.Many scholars have noted this problem,such as Wang Yang-ming and Wang Gen Wang Yangming's disciples,such as academics,Like Li Zhi openly oppose a religion is right and wrong as right and wrong,and they are more stubborn emphasize the need to focus on human self-worth."In modern times,China's backward,facing the reality of national subjugation and genocide crisis,make most intellectuals have to reflect on the reasons behind China,Many intellectuals Confucian thinking is that the cause of China's backwardness,"Down with Confucianism." slogan.