The birthrate in Europe has been in a steady decrease since

来源：学生作业帮编辑：作业帮分类：英语作业时间：2024/11/06 05:58:06

The birthrate in Europe has been in a steady decrease since the 1960s. European countries, realizing crisis is at hand, are providing great encouragement for parents to create more babies in the 21st century.
Affairs Ministry concluded last year that,    11   cash encouragement, some women just don’t want to be    12   holding the baby. “What we know is that it’s good for the    13___ if men and women share the burden of having children,” says Soren Kindlund, family policy adviser at the Swedish ministry.    14   Swedish parents can take their paid leave as they wish, men use a mere 12% of it; 60% of fathers do not take even a(n)    15 _ day off work.
Experts fear that the tendency for women to use most of the parental leave could make employers    16   to give young women the permanent jobs they need to qualify for paid maternity leave (产假). In January, Sweden decided to allow new fathers two months’ paid leave, with a warming: use it or    17   it.
Kindlund admits that men are under   18   to stay at work, even though parental pay comes out of the public purse. “It’s not popular among bosses and perhaps with other men in the workplace,” he says. “But it’s good for the father and for the child if they can    19    a relationship.”
In Norway, a(n)   20   policy has worked wonders. 70% of dads in Norway now take parental leave, and the birthrate of 1.85 children per woman is one of the highest in Europe.
11. A. is spite of   B. at the cost of
C. in addition to         D. due to
12. A. sent    B. left      C. caught    D. seen
13. A. birthrate   B. income      C. health    D. spirit
14. A. Just as   B. Only if     C. Even though      D. Now that
15. A. one   B. mere     C. only   D. single
16. A. willing   B. reluctant    C. likely   D. unable
17. A. reserve     B. misuse     C. ignore    D. lose
18. A. discussion B. attack     C. control     D. pressure
19. A. make out    B. add up    C. build up     D. set aside
20. A. impersonal   B. similar     C. severe     D. global

11-15 ABACD    16-20 BDDCB

欧洲国家的人口出生率呈不断的下降趋势，这是为什么？国家采取了不少的对策，可仍然见效甚微，又为什么？这篇文章会告诉你。
11、语句连贯词义比较      欧洲国家意识到其人口出生率呈不断的下降趋势后，现在正鼓励父母亲多生子女。可是，不管(in spite of)政府部门用提供现金鼓励，还是怎样，……。in spite of不顾, 不管；at the cost of以……为代价；in addition to 除...之外；due to由于, 应归于。
12、词义辨析句法结构      一些妇女就是不想被丈夫留(leave)在家里带孩子，而他们却不在家里。这四个词均可用于动词+宾语(人)+宾语补语(现在分词)的结构，send sb. doing sth.通常强调使/驱使/迫使/打发某人做某事；leave sb. doing sth. 表示使/让/撇下某人做某事，并含有“不再理会”的意义；catch sb. doing sth.突然抓住某人正在做某事；see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事。
13、逻辑推理前后照应词义比较      如果男人和女人都分担其养孩子的重载，这对于家庭收入(income)，健康(health)和精神(spirit)未必会有好处，但明显对提高出生率(birthrate)有利。
14、语句连贯词义比较      即便是瑞典的父母亲可以随意地带工资休假，但也只有12%的男人只有做。just as就象……一样；only if只有，只要，表示条件关系；even though即便，纵使，表示让步关系；now that既然，表示因果关系。
15、逻辑推理词义辨析       60%的做父亲的人就连一(single)天的工作也不想耽误。one通常不直接用在a之后，除非其前有形容词；mere仅仅的, 只不过的，纯粹的；only唯一的，单独的，其前通常不用不定冠词，而用定冠词；single唯一的，单一的，其前可用不定冠词或定冠词。
16    B    词义比较逻辑推理      专家担心，由于是妇女使用大部分的双亲假期，这样老板就不会愿意(reluctant)给年轻的妇女提供永久性的工作，因为她们得带着工资休产假。willing乐意的, 自愿的；reluctant不愿意的, 勉强的；likely很可能的, 合适的, unable不能的，不会的。
17、词义比较逻辑推理      并警告说：不享受假期就失去(lose)假期。reserve保存, 保留；misuse误用, 错用, 滥用；ignore不理睬, 忽视；lose丧失，失去。
18、固定搭配词义比较逻辑推理      即便是家庭的费用出自双方公共的钱包，男人仍然承受着保留工作的压力(pressure)。under discussion在讨论中；under attack遭到进攻或批评；under control被控制住；under pressure承受压力。
19、固定搭配词义比较逻辑推理      但是如果男人和女人能够建立起(build up)一种联系的话，这对父亲一方和孩子都是有利的。make out书写，进展, 说明, 设法应付，了解；add up合计；build up树立, 增进；set aside留出，取消。
20、前后照应词义比较      在挪威，而不是在全球(global)，一种牵涉到男女双方的(impersonal)，也许并非严厉的(severe)的，与瑞典做法类似的(similar)提高出生率的政策却已经产生了成效。impersonal非个人的；similar相似的, 类似的；severe严厉的, 严格的；global全球的, 全世界的。

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