作业帮 > 英语 > 作业

总结(现在完成时)

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/11/06 05:28:48
总结现在完成时
解题思路: 现在完成时
解题过程:
 现在完成时的用法

  主语+have(has)+过去分词(done)

  (1.)定义:现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.

  I have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)

  Jane has laid the table.(含义是:简已在吃饭.)

  Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱)

  He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地)

  (2.)定义2: 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for,since连用.

  Mary has been ill for three days.

  I have lived here since 1998.
.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently,still, lately,ever, never, so far.
He has already obtained a scholarship.

  I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).

  We have seen that film before.

  Have they found the missing child yet
Have you ever been to Beijing

  I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.
Peter has written six papers so far.

现在完成时和for, since连用时,只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。如:come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等。

  (2)现在完成时常见两种句型:

  ①for短语

  ②It is+一段时间+ since从句

  3.一段时间+has passed+since从句

  4.主语+have / has been+since短语

  例如:He has been in the League for three years.

  或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。

( 1 )、一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式,而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“助动词 have/ has + 过去分词”。

  (2) 、一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如: yesterday, last week , two years ago ,just now ,in 2002 等;而现在完成时则常与 just ,already ,ever ,never 等副词和 these days ,this week ,since ......, for ...... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。

  试比较以下几组句子,有什么区别:

  ① A:Have you seen the film ?

  B:Did you see the film ?

  分析:你看过这部电影吗?( A )句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解;( B )句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过,并不强调是否知道其内容。

  ② A:How has he done it ?

  B:How did he do it ?

  分析:他是怎么做的这件事?( A )句强调的是他做着件事的方式对现在产生了某种影响;( B )句单纯的询问做这件事的方式。

  ③ A:He has lived in Beijing for 8 years .

  B:He lived in Beijing for 8 years .

  分析:他在北京住了 8 年。( A )句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了 8 年,可能还会继续在北京住下去。( B )句讲的是他在北京住过 8 年,现在已经不在北京了。

  (2)现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果,而一般过去时与现在没有联系,只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。

  比:I have washed the car. 我洗过了车。(看上去很漂亮)

  I washed the car a moment ago. 我刚才洗过车了。

  She has watered the flowers. 她已经浇了花。(不需要再浇了)

  She watered the flowers yesterday. 她昨天浇的花。

  I have written the letter but I haven't posted it yet. 信我已经写好了,但还没有寄出。

  I wrote the letter last week and I posted it three days ago. 我上周写的那封信,3天前寄出的。

  (3)现在完成时表示的动作或状态延续到现在并可能延续下去,而一般过去时则单纯表示过去某段时间内的经历。

  比:It has rained for five hours. 雨已经下了5个小时了。

  It rained for live hours yesterday. 昨天下了5个小时的雨。

  He has waited for her for two hours. 他等她已经两个小时了。

  He waited for her two hours and then went home. 他等她等了两个小时,然后就回家了。

  I have reviewed two lessons this morning. 今天上午我已经复习了两课。(说话时还在上午)

  I reviewed two lessons this morning. 今天上午我复习了两课。(说话时已是下午或晚上)
很高兴为你解答问题,如你还有不懂的地方,你可以在添加讨论中继续发言,我会尽快给你回复。祝你学习进步,天天快乐。
最终答案:略