请详解,1.___his address,we had to wait for him at the station.A

请详解,
1.___his address,we had to wait for him at the station.
A.No knowing B.Not to knowing C.Not knowing D.Not having known
2.He came here in a hurry___to help us.
A.hoping B,to hope C.being hoped D.he hoped
3.Last year Mary's husband died,___her with two children.
A.leaving B.left C.having left D.being left
4.___tomorrow's lessons,I have no time to go out with him.
A.Nor preparing B.Not prepare C.Not being preparing
D.Not having prepared
5.Mr.Wang had us___a composition every Friday.
A.to write B.written C.write D.writing
6."What's made you upset?""___my new bike."
A.Lost B.Losing C.Because of losting D.Since I lost
7.Though he failed,he tried___it again and again.
A.to do B.doing C.do D.done
补充：为什么选B?
8.While we're developing agriculture and industry,we must prevent the earth___.
A.from polluting B.polluted C.being polluted D.polluting
9.___and___,they ran out of the room.
A.Excited,happily B.Exciting,happy
C.Excited,happy D.Exciting,happily
10.If___!please help him___it.
A.asked,do B.asking,do C.to be asked,to do D.asking,to do
11.___pity on the snake led to his own death.
A.The farmer to take B.The farmer taking
C.The farmer's taking D.The farmer took
12.The meat smells___,it's fit___away.
A.badly,to throw B.bad,to throw C.worse,to be thrown
D.bad,to be thrown
补充：为什么选A?
13.Do you think it difficult___the horse___?
A.to train,jumping B.training,for jumping C.training,jump
D.to train,to jump

1-4题,类型是一样的.就是分词做状语.第4 题的A是不是not呀?
分词做状语的特点是：一句话由逗号隔开,只有一个主语,又没有连词（比如说：and ,because,so,but...)那么剩下半句的动词就要用分词了.如果这个动词与主语的关系是主动的,就用现在分词doing,如果是被动的,就用过去分词done.
1.C
逗号后面的主语we与逗号前面的know是主动地,所以一定是knowing,粉刺的否定是在前面加not,所以把A,B排除.这里要解释一下为什么不选D
因为这句话的关系是因果关系,不是先后关系.也就是说如加连词的话,应该加because.
2.A
同理.你可以在hurry后打一个逗号,就更清楚了.
3.A
同理.主语Mary's husband 和leave是主动的.同样不能选C.
这句话虽然是先后关系,但是Mary's husband 死了在先,留下孩子在后.如果选C的话,就翻译成“丈夫先留下孩子,后死的”.
4.A
同理,是因果关系,不是先后关系.
5.C
have sb do = make sb do = ask sb to do 让某人做某事
have sb doing 让某人一直做某事
6.B
因为是用what来提问的,所以要用名词或动名词来回答.如果用why 来提问的话,就选C
7.A
我认为选A.try to do= try one's best to do 努力做某事.
try doing 尝试着做某事
8.C
prevent sb/sth (from) doing st 阻止
因为地球和pollute是被动的,from 可以省略,所以就出现了C这个答案.
9.C
我们用形容词来表示状态.另外,excited 是用来修饰人的,exciting 是用来修饰物的.
10.A
这一题和1-4题是同一个类型的.
只不过!号后面是个祈使句,祈使句隐藏的主语和ask 是被动.
第二个空 help sb (to) do
翻译成：如果被问到,请帮助他做这件事情.
11.C
The farmer's taking pity on the snake （这个农民 对这条蛇产生了怜悯） 是这句话的主语.主语应当是名词.所以要用动名词taking.另外,动名词作主语,要用所有格修饰,所以不能选B
12.B 我认为是B
13.D
it 是形式宾语,to do 是真正的宾语.即think it + adj + to do
第二个空 .train sb/sth to do