英语goodgood的来回答

英语goodgood的来回答
在定语从句中,当先行词表示为物时,用that或which引导,但是,如何区分这两个词的用法?举个例子.

在定语从句中,当先行词是指物时,关系代词which可以由that代替,如果which不在介词之后,也可省略.在日常用语或口语中,which不作主语时可以省略.例：
Did you take away the book(which/that）I showed you yesterday?
你把我昨天给你看的那本书拿走了吗?
The hotel at which we stayed was both cheap and comfortable.
我们住的那家旅馆既便宜又舒适.
This is certainly not the book for which I paid./This is certainly not the book I paid for.
这肯定不是我付钱买的那本书.
但两者之间还有一定的区别,必须予以足够的重视.
一.that仅用在限制性定语从句中,通常不用逗号隔开,作宾语或介词宾语时,that 可以省去.例：
The letter that came this morning is from my father.
今晨收到的那封信是我父亲寄来的.
The watch(that)you gave me keeps perfect time.
你给我的那块手表走得准极了.
The photographs(that) you're looking at were taken by my brother.
你正看的这些相片是我弟弟照的.
二.which既可用在限制性定语从句中,作宾语或介词宾语时,which可以省去,也可用在非限制性定语从句中.例：
Did you see the letter that/which came today?
今天来的信你看到了没有?
This is the one of which I'm speaking./This is the one I'm speaking of.
这就是我说的那一个.
He changed his mind,which made me angry.
他改变了主意,使我很生气.
He admires Mrs.Brown,which surprises me.
他钦佩布郎太太,这使我感到惊奇.
三.当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时,要用that,不用which,作宾语时可以省去.
例：
All that can be done has been done.
凡能做的事都已经做了.
You can't believe anything she says.
她所说的什么话你都不能相信.
There's nothing you can do to help.
你做什么也无能为力了.
I hope that the little that I've been able to do has been of some use.
我希望我能够做到的那一点点是有些用处的.
This reference book contains much(little)that is useful.
这本参考书中有很多（没有多少）有用的东西.
四.当先行词被形容词的最高级形式所修饰时,要用that,不用which,作宾语时可以省去.例：
This is the most expensive watch(that)I've ever owned.
这是我有过的最昂贵的一块表.
This is the best article that has ever been written on this subject.
迄今为止在有关这个题目的文章中,这一篇是最好的.