英语翻译Logistics management has experienced the second transiti

英语翻译
Logistics management has experienced the second transition in the 1980’s,which is the internally integrated logistics.The experience during 1960’s and1970’s suggested that the physical distribution function should be integrated with reproduction activities such as material sourcing and work-in-process inventory to form internal material flow management.
Externally integrated logistics management approach has made the third evolution in early 1990’s and beyond.It has extended the concept beyond one firm to all firms involved in the whole supply chain,outsourcing the internally supplied materials and products to external suppliers.This extended view of enterprise offered firms an opportunity to view the relationship with vendors,suppliers,third party logistics support agents and customers in a different way,each forming a part of the channel.Participants in the channel gain competitive advantage through improving the overall channel efficiency by reducing risk and effectively leveraging the corporate resources of each channel member.Coupled with the recent development of electronic data inter change(EDI),this approach began to bring about a broader impact on macro economic efficiency.
In this part,the emphases is on the need to integrate the various logistics components into a complete world structure that enables the overall system to run at the optimum.Finally,a number of recent developments in logistics thinking are put forward,including the globalization of many companies,integrated planning systems,supply chain management and the use of logistics to help create competitive advantage.

20世纪80年物流管理经历了第二次变革,此次变革是朝着内在综合性的物流管理转变.20世界六七十年代的经历表明物流功能需与开发原料来源、在制品库存等方面相结合,从而视线内部对材料流动的有效管理.
在20世纪90年代或更早的时候,内在综合性的物流管理手段已发生了第三次的变革.它把物流这一概念从单一的一个企业,扩大到了所有参与到整个的内部供给材料和对外供应的产品的采购这一供应链中的所有企业.这一扩大了的企业概念为所有的企业提供了以一种不同的方式和买主、供应商、第三方物流供应代理商和客户处理相互关系的机会,他们各自也形成了供应链中不可或缺的一环.参与者们通过降低风险,有效的调节链条中各相关部门的共同的资源来提高整条供应链的效率,从而获得有利的竞争优势.此外,随着新近无纸贸易地迅猛发展,这一手段开始对宏观经济效益产生了更为远大的影响.
这一部分内容的重点是强调把各种不同的物流的组成部分进行整合,形成一个世界范围内的完整的结构,从而保证整个系统实现最优化的运行的必要性.最后,在物流思想方面又有了许多新的发展,其中包括了许多公司的全球化问题,建立综合的计划体系,供应链的管理,以及如何运用物流来创造竞争优势等等内容.
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