单词辨析watch 和 observe有什么区别

单词辨析
watch 和 observe有什么区别

see,observe,notice,note,remark,peer,discern,watch
see有“看”或“看到”的意思,是个通用词,使用范围最广.see的使用范围虽然最广,但作为“看”的含义,不用于祈使句.
Look,he's coming.
看,他来了
Watch him.Don't let him escape.
看着他,别让他逃掉了
As soon as he saw us,he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins
他一看到我们就拿起了一根镶有硬币的长长的管乐器
observe和notice都有“看到”或“注意到”的意思,但observe强调“留心观察”.
The search proved difficult,for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.
搜捕工作证明是很困难的,因为人们看到的这只美洲狮常常是早上在一个地方,而晚上又在二十英里之外的另一个地方.
In 1948,he went to lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.
1948年他到冈果的基乌湖去观察一个新的火山,后来他把这座火山命名为基特罗.
而notice则包含着“偶然看到”的意思,其内涵是“看到目的物后要作出反应”.如：看到熟人常常打个招呼,看到一件事后在脑中进行判断.
…I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants.
……我偶然在花园里走着走着,突然看到许多蜗牛在我的一些心爱的植物上悠闲地爬着.
note和remark比notice更强调所看到的事物给大脑留下的印象
After consulting my railway time-table,I noted with satisfaction that there was an express train to Westhaven.
我翻阅了铁路时刻表,见有一班去韦斯赫温的快车,甚为满意.
remark有时包含“评论”的意思.如：这部新拍影片的突出的独到之出受到了一些评论家的注意.此句中的“注意”用remark是很确切的
This outstanding originality of the newly-made film has been remarked by some critics.
这部新拍的影片的突出的独到之处受到了某些评论家的注意.
peer的含义是半眯着眼睛好奇地或吃力地细看,尤其是透过例如暮色之类的媒介,或站在遮挡物后面而注目凝视；这种凝视只是对视觉器官的使用,但未必能够看得到
Old women in black shawls peered at us from door-ways.
头上带着黑头巾的老妇人从门廊里瞅着我们.
如果经过了一定时间的如此细看最终看到了目的物,那么这个动作便可以用discern来表示了,在口语中,常用词是make out
We discerned the figure of a man clinging to the mast of the wrecked ship.
我们费力地看到了一个人影,悬浮在遇难船只的桅杆上.
In the breaking and remarking,in the timing,interweaving,beginning afresh,the writer comes to discern things in his material which were not consciously in his mind when he began.
在作家的思路中断重新构思的时候,在安排时间、揉和内容、重新开始的时候,逐步领悟到自己素材中的内容,而这些东西在他动笔时心中并不清楚.
watch 表示“观看”或“监视”的意思,一般目的物应处于运动状态.
One day there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in,so it was easier for the detective to watch her.
有一天,当那个妇女进来时,该店里的人比通常少一些,所以侦探比较容易监视她.
相关资料供参考：
1、《美国传统双解词典》“observe”词条：
observe,keep,celebrate,commemorate,solemnize
These verbs are compared as they mean to give proper heed to or show proper reverence for something, such as a rule, custom, or holiday.
当这些动词都表示给予一定注意或对某些事物,如对规定、习惯、或节日表一定尊敬时.
Observe stresses respectful adherence,as to law or tradition,often in the form of compliance with prescribed rites:
Observe 强调尊敬性的遵从,如对于法律或传统,常常以遵守规定的礼仪仪式为形式：
observe the speed limit;
遵守速度限制；
observe the Sabbath.
信守安息日.
Keep contrasts withbreak and violate; it implies actions such as the discharge of a duty or the fulfillment of a promise:
Keep 相对于break 和 violate； 它暗含有如未尽职责或没有实现诺言等行为：
He said he would help, and he kept his word.
他说过要帮忙的,他兑现了.
Celebrate in this comparison emphasizes observance in the form of rejoicing or festivity:
Celebrate 在这项比较上强调以欢乐或喜庆形式的遵从：
We are planning a surprise party to celebrate her birthday. Tocommemorate is to honor the memory of a past event;
我们正为他的生日而准备着一个惊奇的派对. 而commemorate 是对过去的事件的记忆的尊敬；
solemnize implies dignity and gravity in the celebration of an occasion:
solemnize 暗含某一庆祝场面的庄重和严肃：
“It [July 2, 1776] ought to be commemorated as the day of deliverance . . . It ought to be solemnized with pomp and parade . . .from one end of this continent to the other, from this time forward forevermore” (John Adams).See also Synonyms at see [1]
“它〔1776年7月2日〕 应作为诞生之日来纪念…… 应用壮观的典礼和游行来隆重庆祝……从这片大陆的这头到那头,从此时到永远” （约翰·亚当斯）参见同义词 see[1]
2、《美国传统双解词典》“see”词条第1项：
see,behold,note,notice,espy,descry,observe,contemplate,survey,view,perceive,discern,remark
These verbs refer to being or becoming visually or mentally aware of something.
这些动词指视觉上或精神上意识到某物.
See, the most general,can mean merely to use the faculty of sightbut more often implies recognition, understanding, or appreciation:
See 是最常见的,它可以只指用视觉器官,但更经常暗示发现、理解或明白：
“We must ... give the image of what we actually see” (Paul Cézanne).
“我们一定会对我们看到过的东西留下印象” （保罗·塞尚）.
“If I have seen further (than ... Descartes) it is by standing upon the shoulders of Giants” (Isaac Newton).
“如果我已经（比迪卡尔）看得更远,那是因为我站到了巨人的肩膀上” （伊萨克·牛顿）.
Behold more strongly implies awareness of what is seen:
Behold 更强烈地暗示对已被看见的某物的意识：
“My heart leaps up when I behold/A rainbow in the sky” (William Wordsworth).
“当我看见天边的一道彩虹时,我的心不由地跳了起来” （威廉·渥兹华斯）.
Note andnotice suggest close observation and a rather detailed visual or mental impression;
Note 和notice 指密切地观察和提供更具细节和视觉或精神印象；
note in particular implies careful, systematic recording in the mind:
note 特别暗示思想中仔细的、系统的记录：
Be careful to note where the road turns left.
注意道路左拐的路标.
I have noted and overridden your protests.
我已经注意到并推翻了你的抗议.
She didn't notice the run in her stocking until she had arrived at the office.
她到了办公室才注意到袜子抽丝了.
I notice that you're out of sorts.
我注意到你心情不好.
Espy anddescry both stress acuteness of sight that permits the detection of something distant, partially hidden, or obscure:
Espy 和descry 都强调视觉察觉远处（尤指被掩藏的或不清楚的）物体的精确性：
“espied the misspelled Latin word in [the] letter” (Los Angeles Times);
“发现在〔这个〕 字母中拼错的拉丁字” （洛杉矶时报）；
“the lighthouse, which can be descried from a distance” (Michael Strauss).
“很远就能看见那座灯塔” （迈克·施特劳斯）.
Observe emphasizes careful, closely directed attention:
Observe 强调仔细、密切地直接观察：
“I saw the pots . . . red-hot . . . and observed that they did not crack at all” (Daniel Defoe).
“我看见缸子…又红又热…而且发现它们根本就不会破裂” （丹尼尔·狄佛）.
Contemplate implies looking attentively and thoughtfully:
Contemplate 暗示专心而且彻底地看着：
“It is interesting to contemplate an entangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with birds singing on the bushes” (Charles Darwin).
“观赏长满各种植物,鸟儿在灌木丛中唱歌的杂乱河堤极为有趣 （查尔斯·达尔文）.
Survey stresses detailed, often comprehensive examination:
Survey 强调仔细地、经常是全面的检查：
“Strickland looked away and idly surveyed the ceiling” (W. Somerset Maugham).
“史蒂兰向别处望去,懒懒地扫视了一遍天花板” (W·萨默塞特·毛姆）.
View usually suggests examination with a particular purpose in mind or in a special way:
View 通常暗示以一种特殊的方式或带有特定的目的去观察：
The medical examiner viewed the victim's body.
法医检验了受害者的尸体.
“He [man] viewed the crocodile as a thing sometimes to worship, but always to run away from” (Thomas De Quincey).
“他〔人类〕 把鳄鱼看成可以崇拜的东西,但又经常从鳄鱼那儿逃离” （托玛斯·德·昆西）.
Perceive anddiscern both imply not only visual recognition but also mental comprehension;perceive is especially associated with insight, anddiscern, with the ability to distinguish, discriminate, and make judgments:
Perceive 和discern 两者都不仅暗示视觉上的识别, 而且暗示思想上的理解；perceive 尤其与洞察力相关, 而discern 则与辨别、区别及判断能力相关：
“We perceived a little girl coming towards us” (Frederick Marryat).
“我们辨认出一个小女孩朝我们走来” （弗雷德里克·马里亚特）.
“I plainly perceive [that] some objections remain” (Edmund Burke).
“我明白地看到〔连接词〕 还有一些反对者” （埃德蒙·伯克）.
Even with a magnifying glass I couldn't discern any imperfections in the porcelain.
即使有一个放大镜,我也不能发现瓷器上的任何瑕点.
Many in the audience lack the background and taste to discern a good performance of the sonata from a bad one.
许多听众不了解文化背景和缺乏审美情趣,不能区分奏鸣曲表演的优劣.
Remark suggests close attention and often an evaluation of what is noticed:
Remark 暗示密切地注意和经常对所观察的事物进行估价：
“Their assemblies afforded me daily opportunities of remarking characters and manners” (Samuel Johnson).
“他们的集会给了我每天观察其性格和礼仪的机会” （塞缪尔·约翰逊）
3、《用法词典》“see”词条第1项：
see,catch sight of,spot
see的意思是：经过有意识地使用视觉器官才能“看到”
I haven't seen you for a long time.
很久没有看到你了.
而catch sight of 的意思是：被看到的东西进入了眼帘,而不是有意识地使用视觉器官
The bull was busy with the matador at the time,but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap.
当时那公牛正忙着与斗牛士搏斗,但是它突然看到了那个醉汉,而那醉汉正在说些粗鲁的评论话,而且挥舞着一顶红色的帽子.
Don't let me catch sight of you doing it again!
别让我再看到你干这种事了!
spot的含义是从同类的事物中认出某一个来,或从人群中认出某人来(to single out)；或者表示“察看到”,这时被看到的目标处于一定背景中,而此目标好象一个点一样.
a wild animal had been spotted forty-five miles south of London
在伦敦以南45英里处有人看到了一只野兽.
The teacher spotted a mistake in his home work.
老师在他的家庭作业中看出了一个错误.
He spotted his friend in the crowd.
他从人群中认出了他的朋友.