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英语翻译要求:译文要流畅2、文中[1]、[2]之类翻译为公式1、公式2In order to “lock-in” som

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/09/28 23:37:48
英语翻译
要求:
译文要流畅
2、文中[1]、[2]之类翻译为公式1、公式2
In order to “lock-in” some reserves ahead of time and thus ensure that at least some additional capacity is available in real-time to balance potential discrepancy between load and generation,the independent system operator (ISO) pays a reservation price to all the participants who clear the AS market to keep their capacity idle and available for generation increase (or load decrease) if needed in real-time.In addition to the capacity reservation price,participants in the AS markets also receive payments for energy generated in real-time at the real-time market clearing price,which is determined by the aggregate energy bids in the real-time market.
Normally,market clearing prices in the energy and AS markets are formed from their respective bids received.There are four major ancillary services (namely,regulation-up,regulation-down,spinning reserve,and non-spinning reserve),which are differentiated by the flexibility and response-time of service offered.Regulation services are devoted to the continuous balancing of generation resource and load to assist in maintaining normal system frequency.They are accomplished by online synchronized generation capacity ready to respond to automatic generation control signals.Regulation-up and regulation-down services are procured separately.Spin and non-spin reserves (namely,operating reserves) are prepared for purposes such as peak load shaving and security maintenance in case of plant or transmission outages.Regulation up,spin and non-spin all come from generation units operating at less than full capacity.Regulation-up is replaced gradually by operating reserves if the system balancing requirements persist.
When simultaneously participating in the energy and AS markets,participants strive to get the best strategy for allocating their capacity between energy and AS markets so as to maximize their profits or minimize their overall costs.In order to solve this problem,the market participants need to be able to forecasting prices and their volatility level in all of the energy and ancillary services markets.While there has been significant research done in the area of price forecasting,the task of getting accurate energy price forecasts is still daunting at best.This suggests that the incorporation of a rigorous yet practical stochastic price model into a co-optimization framework is quite challenging.
The ancillary service uncertainty is another important type of uncertainty borne by a market participant.AS capacity is procured as an insurance against unpredictable real-time imbalance between demand and supply.The regulation capacity actually called in real-time is highly variable.However,we are not aware of any research addressing the ancillary service uncertainty explicitly.
老兄,也太长了吧200分毕竟不能当饭吃.
第一段大意是ISO给市场参与者(可能是指自行发电并入公网的私营发电厂)定了旨在调节电价的两个价(叫费也行),一个叫预留容量价,一个叫市场沽清价(或清算价).
第二段解释四个主要的辅助业务.
第三段讲到价格预估.
为了能提前“占据”一些预备容量,由此保证至少有一些额外容量即时可用,以平衡负荷量和发电量潜在的差异,ISO给所有参与者——他们沽清AS市场,以维持自己的容量处于闲置,并在即时需求时增加发电量(或减少负荷量)——定出一个预备价格.除容量预备价格外,AS市场参与者又要以由即时行情总能源叫价决定的即时行情清算价格,为即时生产的能源埋单.
通常,能源和AS市场的行情清算价格由其接受的叫价构成.有四个主要的附属业务,即上规制、下规制、旋转预备和非旋转预备,由所供服务的弹性和响应时间来划分.规制业务专于发电量和负荷量的连续平衡,有助维持正常的系统频率.其通过即时可响应自动发电控制信号(不行了,头挺疼,以下略)respond to automatic generation control signals.Regulation-up and regulation-down services are procured separately.Spin and non-spin reserves (namely,operating reserves) are prepared for purposes such as peak load shaving and security maintenance in case of plant or transmission outages.Regulation up,spin and non-spin all come from generation units operating at less than full capacity.Regulation-up is replaced gradually by operating reserves if the system balancing requirements persist.
When simultaneously participating in the energy and AS markets,participants strive to get the best strategy for allocating their capacity between energy and AS markets so as to maximize their profits or minimize their overall costs.In order to solve this problem,the market participants need to be able to forecasting prices and their volatility level in all of the energy and ancillary services markets.While there has been significant research done in the area of price forecasting,the task of getting accurate energy price forecasts is still daunting at best.This suggests that the incorporation of a rigorous yet practical stochastic price model into a co-optimization framework is quite challenging.
附属业务不确定性是市场参与者孕育的不确定性的另一种重要类型.容量是作为一种保险,以防供需之间无法预料的即时失调.事实上即时需求的规制容量是极之变化无常的.然而,我们知道还没有明确地应付附属业务不确定性的研究.
附属业务的不确定性是市场参与者孕育的不确定性的另一种重要类型.容量是作为一种保险,以防供需之间无法预言的即时失调.事实上即时需求的规制容量是极之变化无常的.然而,我们知道还没有明确地应付附属业务之不确定性的研究.
(sdpc001 - 举人 四级)能告诉大家AS markets和 regulation-up,regulation-down,spinning reserve,and non-spinning reserve的专业叫法是什么吗?隔行如隔山呵?