SAT 语法1.Oscar Micheaux differed frommost other African Ameri

SAT 语法
1.Oscar Micheaux differed frommost other African American silent-firm (directors in his films they ) boldlytackled many controversial subjects of the day 括号部分改为 directors in that his films 为什么要这样改?句子结构是什么?Ants,butterflies,and bees (firstappeared) during the Cretaceous period,the (more recent) of the three geologicperiods (during which) dinosaurs( lived)_.答案是More recent 错了.为什么?应改为什么?Most chimatologists( agree that)global warming is (cause from) greenhouse gases that (are continually) ( beingreleased into) Earth’s atmosphere.Caused from 错了为什么?应改为什么 为什么不选D4．For years historians claimed that pasta (was introduced ) to Europe (around)1295; (however,) archaeologists have uncovered (what appears to be)pasta-making devices that date back even earlier.what appears to be 为什么错了?应改为什么?

1、Oscar Micheaux differed from most other African American silent-film (directors in his films they ) boldly tackled many controversial subjects of the day
 
【解析】 
    
   原文的结构如下：
 

主句：Oscar Micheaux differed from most other African American silent-film directors in his films （奥斯卡·麦考克斯在他的影片里与其他大多数非裔美国人无声电影导演不同）

从句：they boldly tackled many controversial subjects of the day （其他导演大胆地处理了许多当代有争议的主题）【从句中缺少连词,而且与上文意思不连贯】.

 
   改为 directors in that his films 后,成为如下的结构：
 

主句：Oscar Micheaux differed from most other African American silent-film directors（奥斯卡·麦考克斯与其他大多数非裔美国人无声电影导演不同）

从句：in that his films boldly tackled many controversial subjects of the day （因为他的影片大胆处理了许多当代有争议的主题）【in that 是复合连词,引导原因状语从句】

 
2、Ants,butterflies,and bees (first appeared) during the Cretaceous period,the (more recent) of the three geologic periods (during which) dinosaurs (lived).
 
【解析】
 
　　first appeared 是 Ants,butterflies,and bees 的谓语动词,first 是修饰 appeared 的副词,意思是“蚂蚁、蝴蝶和蜜蜂最初出现”,不存在语法错误.
 
　　介词 of 后是  three geologic periods（三个地质时代）,那么 the Cretaceous period 应该是三个中最近的一个时代,三折以上比较要用最高级,即 the most recent of the three geologic periods.
 
　　后面的 (during which) dinosaurs (lived) 是修饰 geologic periods（地质时代）的定语从句,意思是“恐龙在此期间生存”,两处都没有错误.
 
3、Most climatologists (agree that) global warming is (caused from) greenhouse gases that (are continually) ( being released into) Earth’s atmosphere.
 
【解析】
 
　caused from 应该改为caused by
 
　此处的宾语从句如果用主动语态表示,应该是 greenhouse gases cause global warming（温室效应气体引起全球变暖）,再把它改回到被动语态就是 global warming cause by greenhouse gases（全球变暖起因于温室效应气体）
 
　最后是个定语从句,意思是“温室效应气体正被不断地排放到大气层中”.其结构如下：
 

主语兼关系代词：that

谓语动词（现在进行时的被动语态）are being released

频度状语：continually

结果状语：into Earth’s atmosphere

 
4．For years historians claimed that pasta (was introduced ) to Europe (around) 1295; (however,) archaeologists have uncovered (what appears to be) pasta-making devices that date back even earlier.
 
【解析】
 
   先从分号后句子的结构分析入手
 

主句：archaeologists have uncovered

宾语从句：what appears to be) pasta-making devices

嵌套定语从句：that date back even earlier.【修饰devices】

 
   宾语从句中的 what 属于关系代词性连接词,等于“先行词 those/that + 关系代词 which”所表达的意思,相当于汉语名词的“所字结构”,即“所…的”.也就是说,what 既是连词也是代词,这里应该指代随后 appears  的不定式表语中的复数名词 devices,因此 谓语动词 appears 与 what 所指代物的数不一致,应该改为 appear,即：
 

archaeologists have uncovered (what appear to be) pasta-making devices （考古学家已经发现外表好像是制作意大利面设备的这种东西）