1.Significant factors to include in the budget when {buying}

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1.Significant factors to include in the budget when {buying} a car are the costs of fuel and maintenance and the insurance payments.
这里的buying是对的。
2.Mr Hanson proudly demonstrated his company's latest cellphone,a model that flashes the time in color-coded numerals when {pressing} a button.
这里的pressing是错的，要改成pressed。
第2题，因为主语是model，所以要用pressed被动。
那同理第1题，buying为什么是对的？为什么不是when a car was buyed，所以要用buyed？

我也刚学sat没多久,这俩题看得我蛋疼.不过好像都是悬垂结构,
先说第二题
定语从句主语是model,所以用pressed,为什么?
先考察一下非谓语动词和主语的逻辑关系
a model pressed by a user
a user pressing a model
a model that flashes the time in color-coded numerals when a button pressed by a cellphone user(Mr Hanson)
a cellphone user(Mr Hanson) who flashes a model the time in color-coded numerals when pressing a button
明白了么?press和model有逻辑关系.
但这道题的答案并不是pressed,因为整个句子的主语是Mr hanson,press button的动作从理论上讲只能是Mr hanson发出的,但如果你用he pressed a button或者a button pressed by him就会和主句的谓语动词demonstrated 从时态上产生冲突和混乱. 所以正确的答案是one presses
但是当非谓语动词与主语无任何逻辑关系的时候,有时这种句子依然正确,书上说这些都是固定搭配,特别是出现在一些表示说话人态度的结构中.这点你要记好
比如：
Generally speaking ,women live longer than men.
speaking和woman没啥关系,只跟说这句话的“我”有关系
同理
Judging from his accent,he must be from Northern China.
这些结构大多都是动词ing,书上也都是这样的例子,因为我们的态度大多都是主动.比如你说的第一题也是如此,不能用bought,因为作为一个buyer你不能说当一辆车被bought的时候那些重要的因素to include在预算里.
当然如果你非要用过去分词那也一定是站在卖家的立场上说这句话,
那应该是
Significant factors to (be included) in the (proceeds收益) when (sold) a car are,
但原句用了to include,做了限定,所以这里要用主动buying,既你只能站在买家的立场上,当然用动词原型buy一样可以,但前面要有名词you
明白了吗?
不明白就追问
如果没有问题,小弟最近手头紧,呵呵,能多赏个20分么?呵呵

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