英语翻译从库恩(T.S.Kuhn)科学哲学（philosophy of science）的“结构”（structure）

英语翻译
从库恩(T.S.Kuhn)科学哲学（philosophy of science）的“结构”（structure）视角考察科学学习(science learning)中的概念转变(Conceptual Change).概念本质上是人们以分类的方式对自然规律性的把握,具有结构性和扩展性；学生在科学学习前的已有概念并不是零散的和相互独立的,而是围绕“基本预设”(fundamental presupposition)组织成的概念架构(conceptual frameworks)；当概念转变涉及基本预设及其架构的改变时,概念转变较难达成；为促进概念转变的科学学习,首先需要确认学生的已有概念和科学概念(scientific concepts)所属的本体论类别(ontological category),在此基础上采用适当的教学方式,使学生获得结构性、动态性和发展性的认知.

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从库恩(T.S.Kuhn)科学哲学（philosophy of science）的“结构”（structure）视角考察科学学习(science learning)中的概念转变(Conceptual Change).概念本质上是人们以分类的方式对自然规律性的把握,具有结构性和扩展性；Inspect the conceptual change in the science learning from the structure of T.S. philosophy of science.The conceptual is essentially that people grasp the natural regularity base on the way of classifing,and possess both designability and expansibility;

学生在科学学习前的已有概念并不是零散的和相互独立的,而是围绕“基本预设”(fundamental presupposition)组织成的概念架构(conceptual frameworks)；
Students' existing concepts before science learning is not scattered and independent of each other,but the conceptual frameworks organized by enclosing fundamental presuppositon;

当概念转变涉及基本预设及其架构的改变时,概念转变较难达成；为促进概念转变的科学学习,首先需要确认学生的已有概念和科学概念(scientific concepts)所属的本体论类别(ontological category),在此基础上采用适当的教学方式,使学生获得结构性、动态性和发展性的认知.
When the conceptual change relate to fundamental presupposition and the change of it's structure,it difficult to achieve conceptual change;To promote the science learning of conceprual change,We need to affirm the ontological category of students' existing concepts and scientific concepts, base on which,adopt approtriate teaching mode,and make the students gain the acknowledging of designability ,trends and expansibility.
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