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do和be动词的各自详细用法和区别

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do和be动词的各自详细用法和区别
我才上初三,回答尽量短点而且要容易弄懂哦!
助动词be的用法
1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:
They are having a meeting.他们正在开会.
English is becoming more and more important.英语现在越来越重要.
2) be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:
The window was broken by Tom..窗户是汤姆打碎的.
English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语.
3) be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:
a.表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如:
He is to go to New York next week..他下周要去纽约.
We are to teach the freshpersons.我们要教新生.
说明:这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法.
b.表示命令,例如:
You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释.
He is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室.
c.征求意见,例如:
How am I to answer him?我该怎样答复他?
Who is to go there?谁该去那儿呢?
d.表示相约、商定,例如:
We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合.
助动词do 的用法
1) 构成一般疑问句,例如:
Do you want to pass the CET?你想通过大学英语测试吗?
Did you study German?你们学过德语吗?
2) do + not 构成否定句,例如:
I do not want to be criticized.我不想挨批评.
He doesn't like to study.他不想学习.
In the past,many students did not know the importance of English.过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性.
3) 构成否定祈使句,例如:
Don't go there.不要去那里.
Don't be so absent-minded.不要这么心不在焉.
说明:构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does.
4) 放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如:
Do come to my birthday party.一定来参加我的生日宴会.
I did go there.我确实去那儿了.
I do miss you.我确实想你.
5) 用于倒装句,例如:
Never did I hear of such a thing.我从未听说过这样的事情.
Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.
只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性.
说明:引导此类倒装句的副词有never,seldom,rarely,little,only,so,well等.
6) 用作代动词,例如:
---- Do you like Beijing?--你喜欢北京吗?
---- Yes,I do.--是的,喜欢.(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing.)
He knows how to drive a car,doesn't he?
他知道如何开车,对吧?
其实不光是陈述句,问句中同样有需要区别他们的用法:
例 when do you intend to buy a new car?
when are you going to buy a new car?
后者就不能用do
因为Do后面+实意动词
Be动词,即:am/is/are后面是实意动词+ing形式