what type of bond is formed in a covalent compoound?

what type of bond is formed in a covalent compoound?

共价键的类型
一,σ键和π键
相互靠拢
s-s
s-p
p-p
原子轨道以"肩并肩"方式相互重叠导致电子在核间出现的概率增大而形成的共价键
2,π键
3,σ键和π键的比较
成键判断规律
牢固程度
电子云形状
成键方向
π键
σ键
"头碰头"
"肩并肩"
轴对称
镜像对称
强度大,不易断裂
强度较小易断裂
共价单键是 键,共价双键中一个是 键,另一个是 键,共价三键中一个是 键,另两个为 键
σ
σ
π
σ
π
根据元素电负性的强弱,你能判断F2和HF分子中共用电子对是否发生偏移吗
二,极性键和非极性键
1,非极性键:
两个成键原子吸引电子的能力 (电负性 ),共用电子对 偏移的共价键
相同
不发生
相同
2,极性键:
两个成键原子吸引电子的能力 (电负性 ),共用电子对 偏移的共价键
不同
发生
不同
3,一般情况下,同种元素的原子之间形成 共价键,不同种元素的原子之间形成 共价键.
非极性
极性
4,在极性共价键中,成键原子吸引电子能力的差别越大,即电负性差值越大,共用电子对的偏移程度 ,共价键的极性 .
越大
越大
极性分子与非极性分子
电荷分布均匀对称的分子称非极性分子,如氯分子.
电荷分布不均匀对称的分子称极性分子,如氯化氢.
非极性键 非极性分子,如H2,O2,Cl2,N2 .
构成
极 性 键
构成
非极性分子,如CO2,CH4,CCl4 .
极性分子,如HCl,H2O,NH3
共用电子对全部由氮原子提供.
配 位 键
铵根离子与水合氢离子等是通过配位键形成的.
由一个原子提供一对电子与另一个接受电子对的原子形成共价键,这样的共价键称为配位键.
在铵根离子中,四个N-H 键的键长,键能,键角均相等,表现的化学性质也完全相同.Covalent bonding includes many kinds of interaction,including σ-bonding,π-bonding,metal to non-metal bonding,agostic interactions,and three-center two-electron bonds.
The most common type of covalent bond is the single bond,the sharing of only one pair of electrons between two atoms.It usually consists of one sigma bond.All bonds with more than one shared pair are called multiple bonds.
Sharing two pairs is called a double bond.An example is in ethylene (between the carbon atoms).It usually consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond.
Sharing three pairs is called a triple bond.An example is in hydrogen cyanide (between C and N).It usually consists of one sigma bond and two pi-bonds.
Quadruple bonds are found in the transition metals.Molybdenum and rhenium are the elements most commonly observed with this bonding configuration.An example of a quadruple bond is also found in Di-tungsten tetra(hpp).
Quintuple bonds have been found to exist in certain dichromium compounds.
Sextuple bonds are found in diatomic molybdenum and tungsten.