请问,SAP物料冻结有什么作用?路径SPRO：Materials Management->General Setting

请问,SAP物料冻结有什么作用?路径SPRO：Materials Management->General Settings for Materials managemnet->Set material block for goods movements.

此设置有两个选择,一个是“独立锁定”,一个是“最新锁定”；前者是在做货物移动时,输入物料号就开始锁定；后者是在存盘的瞬间,才锁定物料.此处的锁定是指,在锁定后,其他人不能再对此物料进行货物移动等操作.
其优缺点如下（帮助文档摘录）：
在货物移动过程中排他冻结
Definition
When material master data is read for the first time during a goods movement,this indicator specifies that tables MARC (plant data) and MBEW (accounting data) are locked exclusively until the goods movement has been fully posted.
Another user cannot maintain the material during this time.This ensures that the goods movement is valuated correctly and that the stock quantities and values are updated correctly.The disadvantage is the long period of time for which the lock is set (from the time the material master data is first read when the goods movement is entered through to completion of the update posting).
货物移动的最近冻结
Definition
Specifies that a material:
is not always blocked exclusively,but only if data is actually to be saved.
is blocked exclusively as late as possible to keep the lock time to a minimum.
The advantage is that several users can enter goods movements at the same time because only one shared lock is set for the material when the movement is entered.
The disadvantage is that the material master record is read several times and,in the case of an outward stock movement,that the lock entries of other users on the ATP server also have to be considered.These additional accesses have a negative effect on performance.