如何确定英语句子中的主语（越多越全越简单越好）

如何确定英语句子中的主语（越多越全越简单越好）

主语是一个句子的主要描述对象.主语
S+V
作主语的词：词组、句子、代词、名词
1. 名词作主语
直到河里的鱼死了,村民们才意识到污染的危害.
The villagers didn't realize how serious the pollution was until the fish in the river died.
S+ V t +O. 主系表结构 :S+V
倒装：Not until the fish in the river died did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.
注意：倒装在主句,从句不倒装 /did 和not 提前,只剩动词原形
强调：It was not until the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was.
如果强调的是主语或宾语且指人用who,其他一律用that.
注意：是that,而非其他/主句的顺序（（倒装不强调,强调就不倒装））
2.代词作主语---- 人称代词（主格）,名词性代词,指示代词,不定代词,such（----样的人、物）,it（时间,天气,距离等）
at midnight /in the(泛指）middle of the night
1) Such is my brother, kind, clever, and handsome.
Such is the result.
2) It is 9 o'clock when I went home.
It was ten when I got home.一般句
It was at ten that I got home.强调句
I got home at ten.原形
注意：
It was at ten (when I got home) that the accident happened.
3.数词作主语
Three is enough. Three days is too long a time.
Ten out of 100 Americans are over /above /more than 65.
4.动名词作主语
一般 / 完成时
1.v-ing: 主动/doing/having done
not doing:被动/being done/having done
注意：doing 无时间限定/与谓语同时出现/在谓语动词后发生
having done发生在谓语之前
He regrets having wasted a lot of time.
He still remembers being prized.
例如remember/forget/regret/excuse/thank/apologies之后换用以上用法
a.形容词性物主代词 /n'--v_ing
b.人称（宾格）/n'--v_ing
当逻辑主语为无生命的东西时,常用a.
a.作主语时,通常表示一般性的无时间性的东西.而不定式表示某一种具体的动作.
Smoking is hobbit difficult to break.
According to the author, imagining the future, will serve the interests of the present and the future generations.
b.主语和表语一致
Seeing is believing.
c.逻辑主语必须是所有格形式
Mary's failing in NMET made her parents unhappy.
My smoking does harm to all.
Smoking kills.//英国香烟：吸烟有害健康
d. it 作形式主语
It is no use/good-----
--What do you think made Tom so upset?
--Losing his bike.
例句：
The old man's taking pity on the snake leads to his death.
那个老头怜悯那条蛇,导致他的死亡.
My not ding homework made the teacher angry.
Your not working hard will make your parents sad.