英语翻译Since the 1995 inception of the World Trade Organization

英语翻译
Since the 1995 inception of the World Trade Organization (WTO),developing countries have become some of the most frequent users of the WTO-sanctioned antidumping trade policy instrument.This paper exploits newly available data to examine the pattern of actual industrial use of antidumping in nine of the major new user developing countries Argentina,Brazil,Colombia,India,Indonesia,Mexico,Peru,Turkey and Venezuela.For these countries we are able to match data from two newly available sources:data on production in 28 different 3-digit ISIC industries from the Trade,Production and Protection Database to data on antidumping investigations,outcomes and imports at the 6-digit Harmonized System (HS) product level from the Global Antidumping Database.Our econometric analysis is to estimate a two-stage model of the industry-level decision to pursue an antidumping investigation and the national government s decision of whether and how much antidumping import protection to provide.First,we find evidence consistent with the theory of endogenous trade policy:larger industries that face substantial import competition are more likely to pursue an antidumping investigation,and larger and more concentrated industries receive greater antidumping protection from imports.Second,we find that industries that use antidumping are more likely to face the changing economic conditions specified by the technical evidentiary criteria of the WTO Antidumping Agreement:industries that face rapidly falling import prices are more likely to pursue an investigation,and industries that are more susceptible to cyclical dumping due to greater capital investment expenditures and that face rapidly increasing competition from imports receive greater antidumping protection.

自1995年以来,世界贸易组织(WTO),发展中国家已成为一些最经常使用的世贸组织反倾销制裁贸易政策的工具.本文利用现有资料,研究新格局工业实际使用的反倾销9 新用户主要是发展中国家,阿根廷,巴西,哥伦比亚,印度,印尼,墨西哥,秘鲁,土耳其和委内瑞拉.我们能为这些国家的数据来自两个比赛刚来源:数据生产不同328位来自贸易工业行业分类,数据库的数据生产、保护反倾销调查 结果,进口的6位协调制度(HS)倾销产品的水平,从全球数据库.我们的计量分析估计是两阶段模型产业层次决定实施反倾销调查及 国民政府决定是否进口反倾销、保障提供多少.首先,我们找到证据符合本国贸易政策理论:面对大量进口较大的行业竞争更可能实施反倾销调查,规模化的集中和产业免受进口倾销得到较大.二 我们发现,利用反倾销产业更有可能面临改变指定的技术经济条件 WTO反倾销协定的证据标准:面对进口价格急剧下降的产业有可能追求一项调查 行业较易受到周期性大倾销由于资本投资支出急剧增加,面对 进口反倾销保护得到更大竞争