作业帮法律外文文献翻译 急!
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法律外文文献翻译 急!
A contract is illegal if either its formation or its performance is contrary to the public interest and to public policy. In general, illegal contracts are void. While there is a wide variety of situation which may produce illegal contracts, the discussion in this lesson will focus on three broad categories of such contracts: (1) contracts in violation of positive law, (2) contracts expressly made void by statute, and (3) contracts contrary to public policy.
1. Contracts in violation of positive law. A contract which provides for the commission of a crime or whose nature tends to induce the commission of a crime is illegal. Similarly, a contract which cannot be performed without the commission of a tort is illegal; however, the fact that a tort is committed during the performance of a contract does not in itself make the contract illegal.
2. Contracts made illegal by statutes. Statutes which expressly deal with the legality of certain types of contracts may be divided into three groups: (1) criminal statutes, (2) statutes expressly declaring contracts void, and (3) regulatory statutes. Statutes commonly have statutes which either prohibit or regulate wagering. Generally, wagering contracts are illegal and will not be enforced. Wagering contracts should be distinguished from contracts to shift a risk. In a wagering contract, a risk is created for the purpose of bearing it---such as a bet on a football game. A risk-shifting contract---such as an insurance contract---is legal so long as the person purporting to shift the risk actually had the risk. Stock and commodity market transaction entered into in good faith are speculative contracts and not illegal as wagers.
Some common example of statutes declaring certain types of contracts illegal are usury laws and Sunday closing or blue laws. These statutes often make the contracts void and may subject the parties involved to various penalties and forfeitures.
In order to protect the public, states have enacted a wide variety of statutes regulating the conduct of various types of businesses and professions. The most common type of regulation provides for the obtaining of a license before a person, partnership, or corporation engages in a regulated activity such as the practice of law or medicine or the carrying on of a trade such as barbering or plumbing. If a person contracts to perform such a service or engages in a regulated business without first having obtained the required license, any contracts he makes are illegal. Again, however, a distinction must be made between regulatory statutes which require proof of skill and character before the issuance of a license, and those statutes designed to raise revenue and which permit the issuance of a license to anyone who pays a certain, often substantial, fee. The failure to obtain a license required by a revenue-raising statute does not affect the legality of a contract made by the unlicensed person.
不要软件翻的，用软件的话，我就不用求教！！！
A contract is illegal if either its formation or its performance is contrary to the public interest and to public policy. In general, illegal contracts are void. While there is a wide variety of situation which may produce illegal contracts, the discussion in this lesson will focus on three broad categories of such contracts: (1) contracts in violation of positive law, (2) contracts expressly made void by statute, and (3) contracts contrary to public policy.
1. Contracts in violation of positive law. A contract which provides for the commission of a crime or whose nature tends to induce the commission of a crime is illegal. Similarly, a contract which cannot be performed without the commission of a tort is illegal; however, the fact that a tort is committed during the performance of a contract does not in itself make the contract illegal.
2. Contracts made illegal by statutes. Statutes which expressly deal with the legality of certain types of contracts may be divided into three groups: (1) criminal statutes, (2) statutes expressly declaring contracts void, and (3) regulatory statutes. Statutes commonly have statutes which either prohibit or regulate wagering. Generally, wagering contracts are illegal and will not be enforced. Wagering contracts should be distinguished from contracts to shift a risk. In a wagering contract, a risk is created for the purpose of bearing it---such as a bet on a football game. A risk-shifting contract---such as an insurance contract---is legal so long as the person purporting to shift the risk actually had the risk. Stock and commodity market transaction entered into in good faith are speculative contracts and not illegal as wagers.
Some common example of statutes declaring certain types of contracts illegal are usury laws and Sunday closing or blue laws. These statutes often make the contracts void and may subject the parties involved to various penalties and forfeitures.
In order to protect the public, states have enacted a wide variety of statutes regulating the conduct of various types of businesses and professions. The most common type of regulation provides for the obtaining of a license before a person, partnership, or corporation engages in a regulated activity such as the practice of law or medicine or the carrying on of a trade such as barbering or plumbing. If a person contracts to perform such a service or engages in a regulated business without first having obtained the required license, any contracts he makes are illegal. Again, however, a distinction must be made between regulatory statutes which require proof of skill and character before the issuance of a license, and those statutes designed to raise revenue and which permit the issuance of a license to anyone who pays a certain, often substantial, fee. The failure to obtain a license required by a revenue-raising statute does not affect the legality of a contract made by the unlicensed person.
不要软件翻的，用软件的话，我就不用求教！！！
合同是非法的如果或它的形成或它的表现与国家政策是相反的与公共利益和.总之,非法合同是空的.当有各种各样也许导致非法合同的情况,讨论在这个教训将集中于三个宽广的类别的这样合同:(1) 收缩违反正面法律,(2) 合同明确地做的空隙由法规,并且(3) 收缩相背与国家政策.1.合同违反正面法律.提供罪行委员会或自然倾向于导致罪行的委员会的合同是非法的.同样,无法执行没有侵权行为的委员会的合同是非法的; 但是,事实侵权行为做在合同的表现期间本质上不使合同非法.2.合同使非法由法规.明确地应付某些类型合法合同的法规也许被划分成三个小组:(1) 罪犯法规,(2) 法规明确地宣称合同无效,和(3) 管理法规.法规共同地有或禁止或调控wagering 的法规.通常,wagering 的合同是非法的,不会被强制执行.Wagering 合同应该是卓越的从合同转移风险.在一个wagering 的合同,风险被创造为负担它这样的目的作为赌注在橄榄球赛.风险转移合同这样因为保险合同是法律的只要人声称转移风险实际上有风险.股票和商品市场交易被输入入真诚是投机合同和不非法的作为赌注.法规某一共同的例子宣称某些类型合同非法是高利贷法律和星期天关闭或清教徒法规.这些法规做合同无效和经常也许服从介入的党对各种各样的惩罚和没收.为了保护公众,状态制定各种各样的法规调控各种各样的类型品行企业和行业.最共同的类型章程提供获得执照在人之前,合作,或公司参与被调控的活动譬如法律或医学实践或继续贸易譬如barbering 或测量深度.如果人收缩进行这样服务或首先参与被调控的事务没有被获得必需的执照,他做的所有合同是非法的.再,然而,必须被区分在要求技巧和字符证明在执照的发行之前的管理法规,并且那些法规之间被设计培养并且允许执照发行对任何人支付确定,经常坚固,费的收支.疏忽获得执照由一个收支培养的法规必需不影响合同的合法由无执照的人做.