英语翻译3.2.Operating variables and feed charge composition effe

英语翻译
3.2.Operating variables and feed charge composition effect on energy efficiency factor
In order to optimize the cement clinker grinding operation,the sensitivity of the energy efficiency factor,defined by the production of 3500 cm /g specific surface area per unit of specific energy consumed is studied under various grinding operating conditions and feed charge compositions.It must be noted that most of the experiments were carried out keeping constant the gypsum composition (4.5%).This composition is commonly used in the cement clinker industry.Fig.4 shows the effect of operating parameters on the energy efficiency factor.Each parameter was varied in turn,keeping the other parameters constant and using crude cement clinker for the feed charge.The mill speed (Fig.4a),the material load (Fig.4b) and the ball load (Fig.4c) have nearly the same effect.The energy efficiency factor increases till a maximum value and decreases then.For these parameters,the maximum value obtained is 36 cm /J.The average composite ball size seems to have the strongest effect (Fig.4d) with a maximum energy efficiency factor value equal to 39 cm /J.It is generally observed that the rate of size reduction in tumbling ball mills depends on the rate of collision between the grinding media,the probability of capture of feed particles between the balls andthe probabilityoffractureof the captured particle [14].Investigating the effects of the powder and ball charge filling on the grinding of quartz in a laboratory ball mill,
Shojietal .[9] found that U=0.83 and J=0.15 were the optimum conditions for the maximum breakage rate at minimal specific energy consumption.As shown in Fig 4b and c,the optimal grinding values U=0.75 and J=0.38 obtained for maximal energy efficiency factor are different.These operating conditions probably cause less coating of the powder on the balls and the wall mill.Concerning the effect of the rotational speed (Fig.4a),the optimum is obtained for N=65 rpm (corresponding to about 60% of the critical speed).Yang et al.[15] have reported similar results for runs performed in a laboratory ball mill also equipped with efficient lifter bars for which the fraction of energy available to cause breakage by tumbling is maximal.Moreover,it is shown (Fig.4d) that the 24 mm optimal ball size corresponding to a maximal energy efficiency factor and concerning the crude material (having more than 50% less than 355 μm) does not coincide with the size calculated by the maximum breakage rate relationships [13].So,it is concluded again that for this crude cement clinker material the energy efficiency factor can be optimized using operational conditions corresponding to relatively low breakage rates.

3.2操作变量和饲料征收能源效率因子组成的影响
为了优化水泥熟料粉磨运作,能源效率因子的敏感性,由三千五厘米生产定义/克,每单位能源消耗的具体比表面积在各种运行条件下磨削和饲料成分的研究主管.必须指出的是,大多数实验进行了保持恒定的石膏成分（4.5％）.这是常用的成分在水泥熟料产业.图4显示了在能源效率因素的操作参数的影响.每个参数的变化反过来,保持其他参数不变,使用水泥熟料的粗饲料charge.The轧机速度（图4A）款,材料负载（图4B）及球负载（图4c中）有近同样的效果.能源效率至最高值,然后增加和减少的因素.对于这些参数,获得的最高值36厘米/ j的平均复合球的大小,似乎有强烈的影响（图4天,最大能源效率因子值等于39厘米）/ j的人们普遍认为,在翻滚的大小球磨机降低率之间的碰撞率取决于研磨介质,在球之间的颗粒饲料蔚,probabilityoffractureof捕捉概率捕获的粒子[14].调查的粉末和填充的石英磨球磨机在实验室负责球的影响,
Shojietal.[9]发现,ü = 0.83和J = 0.15分别为最大破损率最低的最佳条件,具体的能源消耗.正如在图4b和c,最佳磨削值U = 0.75和J = 0.38为获得最大的能源效率因素显示的是不同的.这些经营条件可能导致少对球粉和墙壁磨涂层.有关的转速（图4A）条的影响,得到最佳的N = 65转（相当于约60％的临界速度）.杨等人.[15]报道了类似的结果在实验室中运行球磨机进行有效的升降杆还配备了其中的一小部分能量可造成破坏是最大的暴跌.此外,它是显示（Fig.4d）表示,24毫米球大小的最佳对应的最大能源效率方面的因素,原油材料（小于355微米有超过50％）不配合的最大尺寸计算破损率的关系[13].因此,可以得出结论,为了这个,原油再次水泥熟料材料能源效率因子可以优化操作条件,使用相应的破损率相对较低