英语翻译The most effective testing programs start at the beginni

英语翻译
The most effective testing programs start at the beginning of a project,long before any program code has been written.The requirements documentation is verified first; then,in the later stages of the project,testing can concentrate on ensuring the quality of the application code.Expensive reworking is minimized by eliminating requirements-related defects early in the project's life,prior to detailed design or coding work.
The requirements specifications for a software application or system must ultimately describe its functionality in great detail.One of the most challenging aspects of requirements development is communicating with the people who are supplying the requirements.Each requirement should be stated precisely and clearly,so it can be understood in the same way by everyone who reads it.
If there is a consistent way of documenting requirements,it is possible for the stakeholders responsible for requirements gathering to effectively participate in the requirements process.As soon as a requirement is made visible,it can be tested and clarified by asking the stakeholders detailed questions.A variety of requirement tests can be applied to ensure that each requirement is relevant,and that everyone has the same understanding of its meaning.

在项目开始阶段就进行检测程序最有效,应该要比书写代码提前许久.首先应认证需求文档的有效性；接下来,在项目的后继阶段,检测应主要集中在保证应用程序代码的质量上.在项目的开始阶段,进行具体的设计和编码工作之前,消除与需求相关的缺陷可以将返工的可能性降到最低,返工的代价是昂贵的.
软件或系统的需求说明必须极其准确详细地描述其功能.满足需求的最大的挑战来自于与提出需求者的沟通.每项需求务求准确清晰的阐述,以便阅读者对其做同样的理解.
如果撰写需求文档有统一的方式,那么负责搜集各种需求的责任人就可以有效参与需求的满足过程了.一旦某项需求成品可见,就可以通过询问该责任人细节性问题来进行测试.为了确认每项需求都得到满足,并且每个人对需求的理解相同,可以进行多种需求测试.