英语翻译What is exactly a lie?Is it anything we say which we kno

英语翻译
What is exactly a lie?Is it anything we say which we know is untrue?Or is it something more than that?For example,suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you,you say:“I wish I could help you but I’m short of money myself.” In fact,you are not short of money,but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don’t want to hurt his feeling by reminding him of this.Is this really a lie?
A scientific study of lying shows women are better liars than men,particularly when telling a white lie such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks terrible.However,this is only one side of the story.Other researches show that men are more likely to tell more serious lies,such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling.This is the kind of lie politicians and businessman is supposed to be particularly skilled at:the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.
Research has also been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small,apparently unimportant ways when they lie.It has been found that if they are sitting down at the same time,they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual.To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now.”

什么叫谎言呢?是那种我们口是心非的东西吗?还是那种更甚于此的东西?比如,设想一个朋友想和你借点钱,你说：“我真的希望自己能帮上你的忙,但最近我也很缺钱呀.”事实上,你不是因为缺钱而是你的朋友没有还钱的习惯,而你又不想明说伤害他的自尊.这算是一个真正的谎话吗?
一个关于说谎的科研表明女性才是撒谎高手,尤其是说那些无关紧要的谎话时,如当一个参加派对的妇女告诉另一个妇女