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英语语法She won first prize in yesterday′s singing competition.为

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英语语法
She won first prize in yesterday′s singing competition.
为什么first的前面不加定冠词 the
你的问题属于 “二、2.”
一、序数词前常用定冠词的情况
1.强调编号和顺序.例如:
Autumn is the third season of the year.秋天是一年的第三个季节.
I will never give up,not even on the 1,000th or 10,000th try.即使再试一千次、一万次我也不放弃.
2.序数词本身用作名词(其后无其它名词).例如:
The first is the best of all.第一个最好.
Who was the fourth in the examination?谁在这次考试中获得第四名?
3.表示不一定居“第一位的”,如“第二(三)位”.例如:
He is the third tallest boy in his class.他在班上身高排第三.
Canada is the second largest country in the world.加拿大在世界上属第二大国家.
二、序数词前用不定冠词的常见情况.
1.表示“又(另)一”(不侧重顺序).例如:
Now tell me why you took a second arrow.告诉我,为什么你手里拿着另一支箭?
Mr Lu,who is good at maths,has been called a second Hua Luogeng.李老师擅长数学,他被称为又一个华罗庚.
2.在名次中排“第几”.例如:
You should try to get a first or a second in the examination.你应力争在这次考试中得个第一、二名.
3.表示任何一个“第几者”.例如:
We don’t allow a third to have a hand in this matter.我们不允许第三者插手此事.
This book reached me through a third person.这本书是由第三者转到我手中的.
4.当“分数词”用到较小的序数词时.例如:
A third of the students failed in the exam.有三分之一的学生在这次考试中没及格.
当分母较大时宜用one.例如:
A nucleus is about one thousand billionth the size of an atom.原子核的体积大约是原子的一千兆分之一.
三、序数词前省去冠词的情况
1.表示日期.例如:
I was born on November(the)17th,1956.我出生于1956年11月17日.
October(the)first is National Day.十月一日是国庆节.
2.表示职位.例如:
In Philadelphia the United States of America was born,and George Washington served as (the)first president.费城是美国诞生的地方,同时也是乔治·华盛顿担任第一任总统的地方.
3.表示等级.例如:
These are all of (the)seconds.这些都是次品.
4.用于文章标题注释中.例如:
I read the advertisement in (the)“21st Century”,an English paper.我是在《二十一世纪》英文报上看到这则广告的.
5.用于某些街道名称中(如street,avenue等).例如:
He lives in 152,(the)8th street.他住在8街152号.
四、序数词前不用冠词的情况.
1.在某些习惯用语以及专用名词前.例如:
at first起先,first of all首先、第一,first or last迟早,from first to last自始至终,First Lady(美国)总统夫人.
2.序数词用作副词时.例如:
His name stands first on the list.他名列榜首.
The Temple of Heaven was first built during the Ming dynasty.天坛始建于明朝.
3.序数记号为名词所有格、物主代词或形容词等所限定时.例如:
Fortunately for him,his father’s second wife was kind to him too.他很幸运,他的继母对他也很慈爱.
My first impression of London is of rain and fog and people with umbrellas.伦敦给我的第一印象就是雨、雾和带着伞的人们.
4.由序数词与名词构成的复合形容词.例如:
They are all second-raters.他们都是些平庸之辈.
5.序数词用作名词复数时.例如:These are all firsts.这些都是一等品.