a strong performance culture的中文意思

a strong performance culture的中文意思

初三英语总复习提纲19,八下UNIT 7 TOPIC 1-2
重点短语和句型
1. hear of/ hear from 2. make money 3. turn to sb for help= ask sb for help
4. make a poster 5. chat with sb on the Internet 6. think over
7. try/ do one’s best to do sth 8. send invitations 9. set the napkins
10. make some green tea 11. cook dishes/ wash dishes
12. make a room reservation 13. have a sweet tooth 14. some special food(P55)
15. some flags(P55) 16. get ready for = prepare …for
17. tell me something about…
18. have no time 19. hold the line, please 20. a few seconds later
21. be proud of 22. surprise, surprising, surprised, 23. by oneself 24. keep trying
25. in order to/ that 26. an Olympic wrestler 27. since then
28. fried chicken 29. win a gold medal 30. school supplies 31. be pleased with
32. come true 33. be ready to help others 34. the+adj. 35. be kind to
36. well done 37. cook finely 38. fry the meat finely 39. add sth to…
40. cook, cooker 41. make bone soup 42. place…in… 43. mix sth together
44. fill the bowls 70-80% full with bone soup 45. put…into
46. two pieces of … 47. spread…on… 48. cut…into small pieces/ two halves
49. pour…over 50. put the other piece of bread on top 51. help oneself to…
52. eat so noisily 53. There’s no need for… 54. start with
55. keep the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left 56. cut up
57. Don’t take more food than you need. 58. drink to sb
59. take only a sip 60. western countries 61. eating habits
62. be away from 63. pick up 64. at the same time
65. How to write a poster(P59)
66. Do some cooking please.(P61, 62, 63,)
67. What are polite or impolite ways when you are eating in some countries? (P64)
68. Eating habits(P67)
语法要点(宾语从句)
一、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略.如：
She said that she would leave the message on the headmaster's desk. He said that he could finish his work before supper.
二、当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”.如：
Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag.
I don't know whether he'll come the day after tomorrow.
但直接与or not连用时,往往用whether如：
Let me know whether he will come or not.(= Let me know whether or not he will come )
I don't know whether he does any washing or not.(= I don't know whether or not he does any washing. )
I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.
三、如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的疑问词引导.如：
Could you tell me where we will have the meeting this afternoon?
I don't know who bought the present for me. Is it Jack?
下面的表格可以帮助大家理解这一部分内容
句式 连词 语序
陈述句 that 不变
一般疑问句 If/whether 改为陈述语序
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 改为陈述语序
宾语从句的时态问题
主句 一般现在时态 一般过去时态
从句 保留原来时态 改为过去的某个时态
客观事实和自然现象除外
所谓过去的某个时态指的是如下的变化
一般现在时态 一般过去时态
现在进行时态 过去进行时态(was/were doing)
现在完成时态 过去完成时态（had +过去分词）
一般将来时态 过去将来时态（would do;was/were going to do）

宾语从句是初中阶段一个非常重要的语法项目.宾语从句也是历年全国各地中考必考项目之一,考查点涉及到"语序"、"时态"、"引导词"三个要素.而宾语从句的时态.语序是中考题的热点?为了便于同学们复习、记忆,现向你们推荐三则顺口溜.
A) 宾语从句三要素, 语序时态引导词; 主前动后是语序①,
若是主过从亦过.②that从句最常见, that连词常省略.③
【补给站】①宾语从句一般要用陈述句语序,即主语之后接谓语动词?例如:Can you find out where he lives(不说where does he live).②主句谓语动词为一般过去时,则宾语从句通常要用过去的某种时态.不过,若宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实,普遍真理,自然现象等时,要用一般现在时.例如:Our teacher said light travels faster than sound.③连词that引导由陈述句充当的宾语从句,that在句中不充当任何成分,在口语和非正式文体中常可省略;
B) 主句一般现在时, 从句时态随句意.①主句谓动"猜?想"词,
"否定转移"莫忘记.②特殊用法记心间, 学好宾从不一般.
【补给站】①主句谓语是一般现在时,宾语从句可根据需要使用任何时态.例如:Nobody knows where he was born.没有人知道他出生在哪儿.②主句谓语动词是guess, think或believe等,且主句主语是第一人称时,从句的否定概念一般要转移到主句中去,即"否定转移".例如:I don't think he is a good student. (不说I think he isn't a good student.)我认为他不是个好学生.
C) 宾从、状从综合考, if和when要分清.
【补给站】不少中考题是将两类从句(宾语从句与状语从句的区别)综合起来考查的.这时要注意:①从句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后,而状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面;②从引导词看,if充当宾语从句的引导词时,相当于whether,词义为"是否";充当从属连词,引导条件状语从句时,词义为"如果".when充当宾语从句的连接词时,词义为"什么时候";充当从属连词,引导时间状语从句时,词义为"当……的时候".③从时态看,if和when作连接词,引导宾语从句时,其谓语动词的时态应根据主句的谓语动词的时态作相应的变化;if和when充当从属连词,引导表示将来动作或状态的条件状语从句或时间状语从句时,若主句中的谓语动词用了一般将来时,则从句中的谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来.
例如:1. I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 2. If it rains, I will not go fishing.
初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题
1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
3 .The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had B. has C. will have D. are
4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had traveled
6. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
A. who B. what C. when D. that
7. I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
8. I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.
A.that B. what C. which D. who
9. She didn't know___ back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be
10. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what D. when
11. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
A. what B when C why D how
12. He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
13. They don't know their parents are.
A that B what C why D which
14. Please tell me ______what last year.
A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work
C where your sister works D where your sister worked
15. She asked me if I knew ______.
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
16. You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
17. Did you know ____?
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
18. Could you tell me ___?
A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing
19. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.
A. that B. how C. what D. if
20. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.
—He will help us with our English.
A. why B. when C. how D. where
21. —We never know _____ the old man is.
—They say he is a teacher.
A. what B. who C. which D. where
22. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when
23. —Do you know _____ ? I'm going to see him.
—Sorry, I don't know.
A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived
24. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer?
—Sorry, I have no idea.
A. ／; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy
25. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning.
A. what the matter is B. what is wrong
C. what the matter was D. what wrong was
26. —Where is Jack?
—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . A. that B. which C. where D. there
提纲练习
根据句意及首字母提示完成所缺单词（7分）
1. You must read the i carefully before you use this new cell phone.
2. Our country is so beautiful and great. It’s our p .
3. Give me a few m , I’m busy now. And I can give you my answer.
4. When we have soup, we use s .
5. It’s i to eat with your arms or elbows on the table in America.
6. Keep quiet. Don’t make so much n .
7. China is an eastern country, but the USA is a w country.
单项选择.（15分）
（ ）1. Would you like me you?
A. help B. to help C. helping
（ ）2. The girl looks , but she doesn’t do her homework .
A. gentle; careful B. gently; carefully C. gentle; carefully
（ ）3. Do I need with me?
A. to go B. going C. go
（ ）4. Would you please me something about it?
A. to tell B. tell C. telling
（ ）5. The teachers asked us football on the road.
A. to not play B. to play C. not to play
（ ）6. She asked me whose jacket .
A. is it B. it is C. it was
（ ）7. Tomorrow we are going to take part in Running Game for time.
A. one B. first C. the first
（ ）8. The music very nice. I enjoy listening to it again.
A. sound B. sounds C. hears
（ ）9. The food smells and sells .
A. good; well B. good; good C. well; good
（ ）10. Look at the funny boy! He is cooking, cooking is .
A. fun B. funny C. funs
（ ）11. My mother often teaches me to be kind to and old.
A. the poor B. poor C. the poors
（ ）12. —How to make fried rice?
—First some cooked meat very finely.
A. slices B. slicing C. slice
（ ）13. It’s good exercises every day.
A. to take B. takes C. for taking
（ ）14. The meat is too big. Let’s cut .
A. them up B. it up C. up it
（ ）15. It’s very kind you to help the old people in need.
A. to B. of C. at
Ⅲ. 句型转换（每小题2分,共8分）
1. Their dinner starts with a small dish. (就划线部分提问)
their dinner start with?
2. He is taller than any other boy in his class. (改为同义句)
He is boy in his class.
3. I asked him. What’s the most popular food in his restaurant?(连成含宾语从句的复合句)
I asked him the most popular food in his restaurant?
4. Cut up a pear into small slices. (改为否定句)
up a pear into small slices.
Ⅳ. 从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话.（有一句是多余的）（10分）
A: Hi, Mr. Smith. Tomorrow I’m going to a formal western dinner party for the first time. 1
B: Sure. First, when you sit down at the table, take your napkin, unfold it and put it on your lap.
A: What does dinner start with?
B: A small dish.
A: 2
B: You should keep the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left. Don’t take more food than you need. It’s polite to finish eating everything on your plate.
A: 3
B: No. You should try to speak quietly and smile a lot. 4
A: What should I do when I drink to someone’s health?
B: You should raise your glass and take only a sip. 5
A: Thanks a lot.
B: You’re welcome.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅴ. 完形填空.（10分）
When you are invited to a meal in Thailand（泰国）,the words of the invitation mean “come and eat rice”. In fact, nearly all Thai dishes are 1 with rice, which grows there very easily 2 the climate is warm and there is much rain.
The food served is 3 cut into pieces, so there is no need to use knives and forks, but, instead, special spoons and forks are used. The Thais 4 to eat with their hands and now there are still some people who eat this way. There is a special 5 of doing it. First they wash their 6 hands in a bowl of water—they only eat with their right hands. They are careful not to let the food 7 the palms（手掌心）of their hands. After the meal, the 8 are again carefully washed.
The meal usually has several different dishes. They are all hot. They are served in bowls, which everyone shares, 9 each person has their own bowl of 10 . As Thailand has a long coastline（海岸线）, it is not surprising that fish and shellfish（贝类动物） play an important part in Thai cooking.
（ ）1. A. eaten B. used C. smelled D. tasted
（ ）2. A. when B. if C. because D. so
（ ）3. A. never B. perhaps C. hardly D. always
（ ）4. A. went B. had C. wanted D. used
（ ）5. A. reason B. way C. idea D. result
（ ）6. A. dirty B. right C. left D. big
（ ）7. A. touch B. catch C. feel D. drop
（ ）8. A. forks B. spoons C. hands D. bowls
（ ）9. A. because B. though C. since D. until
（ ）10. A. fish B. rice C. water D. shellfish
Ⅵ. 阅读理解.（20分）
(A)
A good way to pass an exam is to work hard everyday in the year. You may fail in an exam if you are lazy for most of the year and then work hard only a few days before the exam.
Do not remember only grammar(语法) when you are learning English. Try to read stories in English and speak in English as often as you can. A few days before the exam you should go to bed early. Do not study late at night. Before you start the exam, read carefully over the exam paper. Try to understand the exact(确切的) meaning of each question before you pick up your pen to write. When you have at last finished your exam, read your answers again. Correct(改正) the mistakes if there are any and make sure you have not missed anything out.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案.
( )1. If you want to do well in an exam, you must .
A. work hard everyday in the year
B. study hard a few days before the exam
C. get up early a few days before the exam
D. keep doing your homework day and night
( )2. It is to go to bed late at night before the exam.
A. useful B. not helpful
C. important D. difficult
( )3. Do your best to get the meaning of each question .
A. after you write down your answers
B. before you write down your answers
C. as soon as you write down your answers
D. while you are writing down your answers
( )4. In the last sentence “miss...out” means “ ”.
A. think it hard B. be important enough
C. be wrong D. forget to answer
( )5. If you want to learn English well, you must .
A. try to read as many English stories as you can
B. learn grammar well
C. try to speak in English as much as possible
D. A, B and C
(B)
Washing the Apples
Mrs. Smith has a shop in the town. There are all kinds of fruit in her shop. She’s friendly to the customers and never fools① anyone. So the customers like to buy fruit in her shop, and she gets more and more money.
One day, the apples she sold were all fresh and nice. She remembered her son Steve liked them best, so she brought some home for her son. After lunch, she went out and left the apples on the table. That afternoon Steve came back from school, he felt very hungry. He looked for something to eat and found some apples on the table. “Great! They are my favorite.” he cried and ate a lot. Mrs. Smith got home after she closed her fruit shop. When she saw Steve, she asked him, “Did you have the apples? ” Her son answered, “Yes. And I ate lots of them.” “Did you wash them? “Oh, I forgot. I was too hungry②. What should I do? ”
A few minutes later, Mrs. Smith found her son kept on drinking water.
“Are you thirsty? Why are you drinking so much water?” asked the mother.
“No, Mom.” answered the boy, “I want to wash the apples in my stomach with the water.”
Notes:
1. fool v. 愚弄
2. hungry adj. 饥饿的
Read the passage and choose the best answers.（根据短文内容,选择最佳答案.）
（ ）1. What shop does Mrs. Smith have?
A. A clothes shop. B. A food shop.
C. A fruit shop. D. A book shop.
（ ）2. What’s Steve’s favorite fruit?
A. Oranges. B. Pears. C. Bananas. D. Apples.
（ ）3. Where did Steve find the fruit?
A. On the table. B. In the basketball.
C. In the kitchen. D. In his bedroom.
（ ）4. Why did Steve keep on drinking water?
A. Because he was very thirsty.
B. Because he wanted to wash the apples in his stomach.
C. Because he liked drinking water.
D. Because he was very hungry.
（ ）5. Could he wash the apples in his stomach with the water?
A. Yes, he could. B. No, he couldn’t.
C. Sorry, I don’t know. D. Yes, I think so.