高中数列,有点难,谢谢.
来源:学生作业帮 编辑:作业帮 分类:数学作业 时间:2024/11/08 20:52:30
高中数列,有点难,谢谢.
(1)
bn=a(n+1)-an
2a(n+2)=an+a(n+1)
∴2[a(n+2)-a(n+1)]=an-a(n+1)=-[a(n+1)-an]
bn=a(n+1)-an,
∴2b(n+1)=-bn,即b(n+1)/bn=-1/2
∴{bn}是等比数列
(2)b1=a2-a1=2-1=1;
∴{bn}是首项为1,公比为-1/2的等比数列;
∴bn=1×(-1/2)^(n-1);
∴a(n+1)-an=(-1/2)^(n-1);
∴an-a(n-1)=(-1/2)^(n-2);
a(n-1)-a(n-1)=(-1/2)^(n-3);
……
a2-a1=(-1/2)^0;
累加得:an-a1=(-1/2)^0+……+(-1/2)^(n-3)+(-1/2)^(n-2)=[1-(-1/2)^(n-1)]/(1+1/2)=(2/3)[1-(-1/2)^(n-1)];
∴an=a1+(2/3)[1-(-1/2)^(n-1)]
=5/3-(2/3)×(-1/2)^(n-1)
=5/3+(1/3)×(-1/2)^(n-2)
bn=a(n+1)-an
2a(n+2)=an+a(n+1)
∴2[a(n+2)-a(n+1)]=an-a(n+1)=-[a(n+1)-an]
bn=a(n+1)-an,
∴2b(n+1)=-bn,即b(n+1)/bn=-1/2
∴{bn}是等比数列
(2)b1=a2-a1=2-1=1;
∴{bn}是首项为1,公比为-1/2的等比数列;
∴bn=1×(-1/2)^(n-1);
∴a(n+1)-an=(-1/2)^(n-1);
∴an-a(n-1)=(-1/2)^(n-2);
a(n-1)-a(n-1)=(-1/2)^(n-3);
……
a2-a1=(-1/2)^0;
累加得:an-a1=(-1/2)^0+……+(-1/2)^(n-3)+(-1/2)^(n-2)=[1-(-1/2)^(n-1)]/(1+1/2)=(2/3)[1-(-1/2)^(n-1)];
∴an=a1+(2/3)[1-(-1/2)^(n-1)]
=5/3-(2/3)×(-1/2)^(n-1)
=5/3+(1/3)×(-1/2)^(n-2)