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英语复习备考

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有没有关于九年级的英语复习提纲,急!!!!!
解题思路: 平时注意认真记笔记,同时要多积累知识,对学习很有帮助
解题过程:
同学:不清楚你使用什么版本教材,把新目标九年级英语复习提纲发给你供参考
Unit 1 How do you study for a test ?


1. not at all =not in the slightest 根本不
2. end up (doing sth ) 结束(做某事)
3 .make a mistake/mistakes in sth 在某方面出错
4 .later on 随后
5. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
be afraid of doing sth/sb 害怕……
6. laugh at sb 嘲笑某人
7. take notes=write down the notes 做笔记
8 .make up 组成
9 .deal with=do with 处理
10. be angry with 对……感到生气
11 .go by (时间)过去、消逝
Time goes by. 时间流逝
12. try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
13 .break off 突然终止;中断
14. make flashcards 制作抽认卡
15. make a vocabulary list 制作词汇表
16 .read aloud 大声读
play the CD too loud 把CD放开大声
17. practice doing sth 练习做某事
18. get the pronunciation right
=pronounce right发音准确
19 .specific advice/suggestions 详细而精确的建议
20. memorize/recite the words 背单词
21. read the textbook 读课本
22 .English grammars 英语语法
23 .feel differently 觉的不同
24. frustrate sb = make sb frustrated 使某人沮丧
find sth frustrating 发现某事沮丧
25. get/be excited about 激动
look excited 看起来很激动
an exciting match/game 一场刺激的比赛
26 .spoken/oral English 英语口语
27 .regard... as 把 …... 当成/看作
regard sth as a challenge 把某事视为挑战
28. impress sb 感动某人
be impressed 被深深感动
be impressed by sb 被某人感动;对...印象深刻
29.have trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth
= have trouble/difficulty with sth 做某事有困难
30. look up the words in a dictionary用字典查阅单词
31. feel soft 感觉柔软
32.study for a text 为考试学习
33. work with sb 与某人一起工作
34.listen to tapes 听磁带
listen to the teacher carefully 认真听课
35. ask sb for help 寻求帮助
ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
tell sb about sth 告诉某人某事
36 .improve my listening/speaking skills
提高听力/口语技巧
37.join an English club 参加英语俱乐部
38.keep a diary in English 用英语写日记
39.write original sentences 写原创的句子
40.practice conversations with sb 与某人练习对话
41. get mad at sb 生某人的气
42.the best way to learn English 学英语的最好方法
43. on duty 值日
It’s one’s duty to do sth 做某事是某人的职责
44.get a lot of practice 得到许多练习
45 .stay angry 持续生气
46.change problems/troubles/difficulty into challenge 把困难变成挑战
change ...into... 把...... 变成......
47 .solve the problem 解决问题
48. achieve sth =sth come true 实现某事
49.make a complete sentence 造一个完整的句子
50 .finish doing sth 结束做某事
51.the secret of sth …的秘诀
52 .with the help of sb =with one’s help 在某人帮助下
help sb (to) do sth = help sb with sth
帮助某人做某事
53. compare A to B 把A比作B
Compare A with B 把A与B进行对比
54. in a positive way 用积极的方法
55 .last for a long time 持续很长时间
56.first of all 首先
57 .to begin with 以…开始
58. make sb laugh 使某人笑
59 .have disagreement 意见不合
60.decide not to do 决定不做某事
61. too much + 不可数n 太多…
much too + adj. 太…
62.be strict with sb 对某人严厉
be strict in sth 对某事严格要求


本单元重点句型
1. How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备?
I study by working with a group. 我通过参与小组来学习。
2. I have learned a lot that way. 用那种方法,我已经学到了很多东西。
3. It’s too hard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了。
4. Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
5. Wei Ming feels differently. 卫明有不同的感受。
6. He finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.
7. I don’t have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。
8. Later on, I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.
随后,我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系。
9.It’s amazing how much this helped. 我惊异于这些方法竟如此有用。
10My teacher is very impressed. 给老师留下了深刻的印象。
11.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很难造出完整的句子。
12.. It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers. 在老师的帮助下尽我们最大的努力来应对挑战是我们的责任。
本单元语法讲解
How 引导的特殊疑问句
1.How 在本单元中询问方式、方法,意为“怎样,怎么,如何”。回答时常用by短语或后by接动词-ing形式,表示用......手段、方式。
—How do you usually go to school? 你通常怎样去上学。
—On foot. 步行。
2、how 用于询问动作的执行程度,译为“怎样”。如:
—How do you like China? 你觉得中国怎么样?
—I like it very much. 非常喜欢。
3、how 用于询问身体健康状况,译为“怎么样”。如:
—How are you? 你好吗?
—I’m fine,thank you. 我很好,谢谢。
4、how 用在第一次见面的问候语中。如: How do you do? 你好!
5、how about 用于询问或征询意见等,相当于 what about ,后接名词、代词或动词的 -ing 形式,译为“……怎么样”、“……好不好”。如: I like playing football. How about you? 我喜欢踢足球。你呢?
6、how many 用于询问人或物品的数量,后接可数名词的复数形式,译为“多少”。如:
—How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少名学生?
—There are sixty-five. 六十五名。
7、how much 既可询问物品数量,后接不可数名词,译为“多少”;又可询问物品价格,译为“多少钱”。例略。
8、how old 询问年龄,译为“多大”。如:
—How old are you? 你多大了?
—I’m twelve. 我十二岁。
9、how far 用于询问距离,译为“多远”。如:
—How far is it from here to the station? 从这里到车站有多远?
—About three hundred metres. 大约三百米。
10、how long 既可询问时间,译为“多久”,又可询问物品的长度,译为“多长”。如:
How long is the river? 这条河有多长?
How long does it last? 这要持续多久?
Unit2 I used to be afraid of dark .


1. used to 过去常常
2 .be interested in =take an interest in 对…感兴趣
3. be afraid of=be terrified of 害怕
4. go to sleep with the light on 开着灯睡觉
5. chew gum 嚼口香糖
6.chat with sb=have a chat with sb 与…聊天
7 .daily life =everyday life 日常生活
8.can/be able to afford sth/to do sth 负担得起
9.cause a lot of trouble (for sb.) 引起很多麻烦
10 .get into trouble with the police 被警察找麻烦
11. be patient with sb 对…有耐心
12.finally=in the end=at last 最后
13 .make a decision on sth/doing sth 决定做某事
=make up one’s mind to do sth=decide to do sth
14. head teacher 班主任
15. It’s necessary to do sth 做某事有必要
16. to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊
be surprised at sth 对......感到吃惊
17. even though=even if (+让步状语从句) 即使
18. no longer=not...any longer 不再(延续性)
no more=not…any more 不再(短暂性)
19 .take pride in=feel/be proud of 为…而自豪
20.pay attention to (doing) sth 注意(做)某事
21. give up (doing ) sth 放弃做某事
Don’t give up. 不要放弃
22 .a couple of days 几天
23 .look different 看起来不同
look the same 看起来一样
24. waste water 浪费水
waste one’s time 浪费时间
25.wear glasses/contact lenses 戴眼镜/隐型眼镜
26.have a good memory 记性很好
27 .have long/straight/curly hair 留着…发型
28 .be on the swim team 在游泳队
29 .People sure change. 人是会变的
30 .for a long time 很长一段时间
31.make sb stressed out 使某人筋疲力尽
32.paint/draw pictures 画画
33 .be/live alone 独处/单独居住
feel lonely 觉得孤独
34. walk to school=get to school on foot 走路去学校
take a bus=go by bus=go on a bus 乘车
35.worry about sth/sb=be worried about sth/sb. 担心
36.study all the time 一直学习
37. a six-year-old brother 一个6岁的弟弟
38 .spend time (in) doing sth 花时间做某事
spend time on sth
39. take sb to a concert 带某人去音乐会
40 .hardly ever 几乎不
41.in the last /past few years近几年(主句用现在完成时)
42.can’t stop doing 忍不住做某事
43.give sb sth =give sth to sb 给某人某物
44.look after=take care of=care for 照顾
45. as…as 与…一样(中间用形容词或副词的原级)
as well as… 与…一样好,也
46. send sb to+地点 送某人去某地
47 .It’s+ adj +to do sth
48 .make sb do sth 使某人做某事
49.a top student 尖子生
come top 名列前茅
50 .shout at sb 对某人大吼(不礼貌)
Shout to sb 对某人大声喊(担心听不见)
51 .be used to doing 习惯于做某事
52 .be used to do 被用来做某事


本单元重点句型
1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends.
以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我几乎没有时间去听音乐会.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 在过去的几年里我的生活变化很大.
6.It will make you stressed out. 那会使你紧张的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎变化很大.
本单元语法讲解
Used to 的用法
构成:used to +动词原形
用法:表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已不发生或存在。
句型转换:否定句:didn't use to 或used not to
一般疑问句:Did sb use to 或 used sb to
相似短语:be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事
Be used to do sth 被用来做某事
Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to


1. choose their own clothes . 选择他们自己的衣服
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
3. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
should be allowed to do sth. 应该被允许做
allow doing sth 允许做某事
4 .get one’s driver’s license 获得某人驾驶执照
5. a part-time job 一个兼职
6 .a fifteen-year-old student 一个15岁的学生
fifteen-year-olds 15岁的学生/孩子(复数)
the+adj./old/young 一类人(复数)
7 .get one’s ears pierced=pierce one’s ears 钉耳洞
have/get sth.done(过去分词) 使….被做
have/get one’s hair cut = cut one’s hair 剪某人头发
have/get the shoes repaired = repair the shoe 补鞋
8.be sure (of/ about sth.) 确信某事
be sure that+从句 确信
be sure to do sth 一定要做某事
9.too wild= not serious enough太鲁莽,不够冷静
too young = not old enough 太年青,不够老
too silly/foolish =not smart/clever enough
太愚蠢,不够聪明
10.too...to = not + adj.+ enough to = so...that... 太..而不能
enough + n. ( money) 足够的
11. work at night 在晚上工作
12. stop doing sth 停止做某事
Stop to do sth 停下来做(另一件)事
stop wearing that silly earring
停止戴那个愚蠢的耳环
13.seem to do. 似乎
Seem +(to be) adj
It seem that +从句
=从句的主语+seem to do sth
14. spend time with friends/sb.花时间与某人在一起
15 .So do we . = We do, too. 我们也是
So+ be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语。某人也是
So+主语+ be动词/情态动词/助动词。某人确是如此
Neither/nor+ be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语。
某人也不是。
16. would like to do =want to do sth
=feel like doing sth 想要做......
17. concentrate on 全神贯注
18. feel comfortable 感觉舒适
19. be good/bad for 对…有益/害
20. a good way to do sth. 一个做…的好方法
21 have an opportunity to do /of doing有个机会做…
=have a chance to do/of doing 有个机会做…
22 go back to school 回校
23a good experience for sb.对某人是一个好经历
24 as much as sb. want 尽某人想要
as much as one would like to 尽某人想要做...
25 a running star 一个跑步明星
26 on/in one’s school running team 在田径队
27 a professional athlete 一个职业运动员
28 achieve one’s dream 实现某人理想
29 make decisions for sb./oneself 为某人做决定
30 be serious about sth 对…认真
31 on school nights 上学晚上
32 spend time on sth. 花时间在某物上
spend time (in) doing 花时间做某事
33 get in the way of sth./doing sth. 妨碍某事
34 get to class late = be late for class 上课迟到
35study with sb. 和某人学习
36 at least 至少
37 take the test 参加考试
pass the test 考试过关
fail a test 考试不及格
38 eight hours’ sleep a night 一晚8小时睡眠
39 have a special day 有特别的一天
40 help teach young student 帮助教小学生
41 write for a newspaper office 为报社写作(投稿)
42 volunteer in a newspaper office在报社做自愿
43. both A and B 两个都(连接主语时,谓语动词用复数)
44. Not only ...but also不但。。。而且(连接主语时,谓语动词用就近原则)
45. Neither... Nor...既不。。。也不。。。(连接主语时,谓语动词用就近原则)
46.Either...or...要么。。。要么。。。(连接主语时,谓语动词用就近原则)
47be sleepy 困倦的
48have +一段时间+off 休息....时间
have Friday afternoons off 星期五下午休息
49. reply to sb. =answer sb 答复某人
50. keep + n. + adj. 保持…怎么样
51. study in group 在团队学习
52. learn (a lot) from sb. 向…学习(许多)


本单元重点句型
1. I think students should be allowed to go out with their friends.
我认为应该允许学生们跟朋友一起外出。
I agree. / I disagree.我同意。 / 我不同意。
2. Do you think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to work at night?
你认为应该允许16岁的青年人在晚上工作吗?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
3. I don’t think teenagers should be allowed to drive.
我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年驾车。
4. I have to stay at home on school nights. 在上学的日子里,我晚上必须呆在家。
5. I’m serious about running. 但我对跑步极感兴趣。/ 热衷于跑步。
6. We have a lot of rules at my house. So do we. 我们家有很多家规。我们家也有。
7. Peter should be allowed to take the test later. 应该允许彼得晚些参加考试。
8.What school rules do you think should be changed? 你认为应改变哪些学校规定?
9.Sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork.有时这些爱好会妨碍学习。
10.Teenagers often think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.青少年经常认为应该允许他们随心所欲地去践行他们的爱好。
11.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream.。只有那样我才有机会实现我的梦想。
本单元语法讲解
被动语态(详见9单元语法讲解)
Unit 4what would you do?


1. what if 如果```将会怎么样
2. not…in the slightest 一点也不,根本不
3. plenty of+(不)可数n / enough+n. 很多的,足够的
4. get along with 与`````相处
5 .let sb down 使```失望或沮丧
6 .come up with=think of=think up 想出
7.come out 出饭,发表
8. medical research 医学研究
9.wear a tie /necktie 戴领带
10. worry about=be worried about 担心
11. get pimples 得了小脓疱
12. take an exam/test (later) 稍后考试
13. pass the exam 通过考试
14. fail the exam 考试不合格
15. feel/be confident 感到自信
have confidence in sth/dong sth 走某事有自信
16.without permission 未经允许
with one’s permission 经过某人许可
ask for one’s permission 请求某人的允许
17. bother sb 打扰某人
18. not….in the slightest 根本不
not….at all 根本不
19. get/be annoyed at sb 对某人生气
20. represent our class 代表我们班级
21.come up with 想出
22.get the medical help 取得医护帮助
23.make sb + adj(comfortable) 使某人舒服
24.stay with sb 与某人呆在一起
25.the burned area 受伤的部位
26.(cold) running water (冰)自来水
27.stop doing sth 停止做某事
Stop to do sth 停下来做某事
28.have a lot of experience 有许多经验
29.be confident of sth 对某物自信
30.millions of 成百万上千万
31.hundreds of 成百上千
32.talk to sb about sth 与某人谈论某事
33.hide sth from sb 向某人隐藏...;把...瞒着某人34.in a public place =in public 在公共场所
35.make/give a speech 发表演讲
36.in the front of (在内部)在````前面
37.in front of (在外部)在```前面
38.talk a lot 健谈
39.get nervous 紧张的
40.introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人
introduce oneself to sb 向...作自我介绍
41.do a survey about 做一个.....的调查
42.hardly ever 几乎不
43.borrow sth from sb 从某人那借某物
lend sth to sb 把。。。借给某人
44. be in a movie 演电影
45.social situations 社会情况
46. catch up with sb 赶上,追上
47 .the rest of sth 剩余的东西
48. have a rest/break 休息
49.have a first-aid book 有一本急救书
50. on a nearby shelf 在靠近书架的位子
51. cover sth with sth 用某物盖住某物
52. be covered with sth 被`````覆盖
53 .press sth hard 用力挤压
54 .go upstairs 上楼
55. go downstairs 下楼
56. fall downstairs 从楼上摔下
57. burn oneself by accident 意外烧伤
58 .injure one's knee 某人的膝盖受伤
get injured 受伤
59.offer sb sth=offer sth to sb. 提供某人某物
offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
60. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
61. give money to charity 给慈善机构捐钱
62.put money in the bank 把钱放入银行
63 .buy a big house for my family 为我家买一个大房子
64. travel around the world 周游世界
65. give advice on sth 给一些关于某方面的建议
66. ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议
67.hurry to do sth 快速做某事
68.a company of … 一群…
69.be easy to get along with 容易交往/相处
70.rather than 而不是
71.would rather do A than do B
宁愿做A也不愿做B
72 think of 思考;认为;想起
73.say something bad 说坏话
74.have lots of experience (in)doing sth
在做某方面事情上有丰富经验


本单元重点句型
1. What would you do if you had a million dollars? 如果你有一百万美元,你会怎么做呢?
2. If I were you, I’d talk to someone who looks friendly.
如果我是你,我将和看起来友好的人讲话。
4.what do you think I should tell the rest of the students?你认为我应当告诉其余的同学们什么?
5. You like talking to one or two people rather than to a group.
你喜欢和一个或两个人交谈,而不是一群人。
6. You must always hide medicine from children.你必须把药藏到小孩子们看不到的地方。
7.It gives advice on what to do in lots of situations.这本书针对很多不同情况下该怎么做提出了建议。
本单元语法讲解
虚拟语气
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
一、条件状语从句分类
条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。  
eg: If he doesn't hurry up,he will miss the bus.如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。( 真实)   
If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。(真实)  
If I were you,I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。(我不可能是你。非真实,虚拟语气)    If there were no air,people would die.如果没有空气,人就会死亡。(不可能没有空气。非真实,虚拟语气)
二、用法及动词形式
1、表示与现在事实相反的情况: 从句:If主语+过去时 (be动词用were),
主句:主语+should/would/could/might+do  
eg: 1).If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)    2).If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道)   
3)If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.   如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)   
4).If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.   如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没带钱)
 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况   从句:If主语+had+done   主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have done    
eg:   1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。   (事实:去晚了)
3、表示对将来情况的主观推测
从句:①if+主语+were to do主句:①主语+should/would/could/might+do  
 ②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do    
③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+do    
eg:   1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.   如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。(事实:来的可能性很小)
Unit 5 It must belong to Carla.


1. belong to sb(代词用宾格)= be sb’s 属于
2. hair band 发带
3 .use up 用完 =run out of
4 .have a picnic=go on a picnic=at a picnic 野餐
5 .in a symphony hall 在交响乐大厅
6.be crucial to sb 对某人来说至关重要
7. It’s crucial to do/that从句
8.make up 组成
make up 30% of the final exam 在期末考占30%
9. be/get/feel anxious about sb/sth 对…忧虑
10. be/get/feel worried about=worry about
11 .the owner of …的主人
12 .chase sb=run after sb 追赶某人
13. in the shy 在天空中
14. catch the bus 赶上公共汽车
15.catch up with sb 赶上某人
16 .make noise(不可数) 制造噪音
Make a strange noise 发出奇怪的声音
17 .be noisy(adj) 吵闹的
18. in the neighborhood 在…小区
19. escape (from +地点) 从…逃跑
20. pretend to do sh 假装做某事
21.pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事
22. attempt to do sth 意图做某事
23. because of +n /doing sth 因为…
because +从句
24.nextdoor neighbor 邻居
25 .used to 过去常常
26.be extremely worried 非常担心
27. be interviewed by 被......采访
28 .local newspaper 当地报纸
29. call the police 报警
30. at first 首先
31 .have one`s own idea 有某人自己的主意
32.get off 下车
get on 上车
33 .be less of a problem to do sth 做某事不成问题


本单元重点句型
1、If you have any idea where might be please call me.如果你知道它可能在哪,请打电话给我。
2、It’s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30%to the final exam.
关键是我必须学,因为它占期末考试的30%。
3、What do you think “anxious” means?你认为“anxious”是什么意思?
4、He could be running for exercise.他可能是跑步锻炼身体。
5、He might be running to catch a bus.他可能是在跑着赶公共汽车。
6、Why do you think the man is running?你觉得那个男的为什么跑?
7.Be careful of the person who does not talk, and the dog that does not bark.
明抢易挡,暗箭难防。
8、You can’t wake a person who is pretending to be asleep.真人不露相。
本单元语法讲解
如何用must , may,might , can, could来表达推测
1. Must用在肯定句中表示 较有把握的推测,意为“一定,肯定”。“Must+动词原形”或“must be +现在分词”,表示对现在的状态或现在正在发生的事情的推测,must have done表示对过去的情况的推测。
Whose notebook is this? It must be Ming's . It has her name on it.
这是谁的笔记本?它一定是明的,上面有她的名字。
2. may/might/could+动词原形表示对现在的情况把握不大的推测,意为“也许,可能,大概”。
It could be Mei's hair band.它可能是梅的发带。
3. Can't/couldn't+动词原形表否定的推测,意为“不可能”。
That man can't be Mr Wang.He is ill in hospital.那个人不可能是王先生,他生病住院了。
Unit6 I like music that I can dance to.


1、 the Yellow River 黄河
2、be on display/show 展览;陈列
3、remind sb of 使某人想起...
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做......
4、to be honest 老实说;说实在的
5、stay away from 与……保持距离
6、be in agreement 意见一致的
7、dance to the music 随着音乐起舞
8、have great lyrics 有优美歌词
9、sing along with music 跟着音乐唱
10、play different kinds of music
弹奏不同种类的音乐
11、write one’s own songs /lyrics
写自己的歌/自写作词
12、be full of energy 充满活力
be full of = be filled with 充满.....
13、play quiet and gentle songs 弹奏轻柔典雅的歌曲
14、prefer A to B =like A better than B比起B来更喜欢A
prefer to do A (rather than do B)
=would rather do A than do B
=prefer doing A to doing B
宁愿做A而不愿做B
15、take sth/ sb to+地 带某人/某物去某地
16,learn sth by heart 用心学sth
17、 the latest movie 最近的电影
18、over the years 多年来(用于现在完成时)
19、look for entertainments 寻找乐趣
20、have a few good features 有一些优点
21、be sure to do 一定做sth
22、one of+the +最高级+n.复 最 ……之一
23、best known =the most famous 最杰出的
24、in the world 在世界上
25、interest sb 使sb感兴趣
be interested in= take an interest in 对……感兴趣
26、a world class 世界级的
27、musical group 乐队
28、come and go 来来往往
29、in the morning 在早上
on Monday morning 在星期一早上
30、a good place to visit 一个参观的好地方
31、six-month English course 六个月的英语课程
32、so much to see and do 许多可以看和可以做的事
33、most of… …中大多数
34、traditional music 传统的音乐
35、suit sb fine 非常适合sb
36、film festival 电影节
37、go on a vacation 去度假
38、feel sick 感到恶心
39、a movie poster 一张电影海报
40、keep/ stay healthy=keep in good health保持健康
41、a group of young people 一群年青人
42、get together 聚在一起
43、prefer(not)to do sth 更(不)喜欢做sth
44、fast food 快餐
45、take care of 照顾
46、actually=in fact 实际上
47、in laboratory testing 实验室测验
48、some types of oil 一些种类的油
49、increase the risk of cancer 增大致癌机率
50、eat nuts 吃坚果
51、eat a balanced diet 饮食均衡
52 .have a good balance 饮食平衡


本单元重点句型
1.I love singers who write their own music.我喜欢自己创作曲子的歌手。
2.We prefer music that has great lyrics.我们更喜欢歌词很棒的曲子。
3.What do you dislike about this CD.你不喜欢这张CD的什么?
4.What does it remind you of?它使你想起了什么?
5. It does have a few good features, though.然而,它的确也有一些好的方面。
6.She really has something for everyone.每个人的确都能从她的作品中领悟到一些东西。
7.Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition.无论怎样,你都不能错过这次展出。
8.As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.正如乐队名字所暗示的那样,这支乐队很有活力。
10.If I were you, I’d eat nuts instead.如果我是你,我会改吃坚果。
本单元语法讲解
定语从句
一、定语从句的概念
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
关系词的用法
关系代词
先行词
成 分
主语
宾语
定语

Who/that
Who/whom/that可省略
Whose=the+n.+of whom

Which/that
Which/that可省略
Whose=the+n.+of which
关系副词

行词
成 分
状语
地点
Where=prep+which
时间
When=prep+which
原因
Why=for+which
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语可省略)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(which 作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(which作宾语)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,作宾语可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面 帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(who 作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(whom作宾语)
4.关系代词whose的用法。
whose是代词的所有格,它既可以代人也可以代物。
例:I saw a woman whose bag (=the bag of whom )was stolen.
我看见了一个皮包被偷了的妇女。
Please show me the book whose cover (=the cover of which)is red.
请把封面是红色的那本书拿给我看看。
注意:
(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略, 但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which(物)/whom(人)”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
=This is the house which/that we lived in last year.
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.
=Please tell me( whom /who /that )you borrowed the English novel from.
请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)当关系词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
例如:Be careful of the dog that does not bark. 当心不叫的狗。(that 作主语,先行词the dog 为单数 ,谓语动词用does not否定)
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、形容词最高级 时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much,every, many,some,little, few
something,everything, anything,nothing, none, the one等指物的不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
注意:当先行词为anyone ,everyone,those , all, any等指人的不定代词时,用who
I will shoot anyone who moves.谁动我就射击谁。
.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
先行词里既有人又有物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
主句是there be 结构,先行词是物,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
注: 在以There be…开头,先行词为人的句子中,常用who、whom引导定语从句。
Eg. There is a pretty girl who wants to see you.


.当关系词在从句中作表语时
She is no longer the girl that she wanted to be .她已不再是她想成为的那个女孩了。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.先行词指物,关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
 四、关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:
This is the place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
Unit7 Where would you like to visit?


1.take it easy 从容,轻松
2.in general =generally speaking一般说来;大体上讲
3.provide sb with sth
=provide sth for sb 给某人提供某物
4.as soon as possible=as soon as you can 尽快地
5.come true 实现
6.sail across the Pacific 横渡太平洋
7.dream about things = dream of doing sth
梦想做某事
8.the finding of ...的发现
9.hang out 闲逛
10.finish your education 完成你的学业
11.have a good education 得到好教育
12.so that 以便;目的是
13.continue doing = go on doing 继续做某事
14.go to university 上大学
15.according to 根据
16.the most popular choice of job
选择最流行的工作
17.computer programming 电脑编程
18.all kinds of dreams 各种梦想
19.to be volunteers 当志愿者
20.one day = some day 总有一天
21.be willing to do 愿意做某事
22.achieve one's dreams 实现梦想
23.hold on 坚持
24.go on a vacation 去渡假
25.go trekking 徒步旅行
26.trek through the jungle 徒步穿过热带雨林
27.go/walk through the park 穿过公园
28. pay for 付钱
29.be stressed out 紧张
30.consider doing sth 考虑做某事
consider sb as 把。。。认为...
31.the capital of sth ...的首都
32.one of the liveliest cities in Europe
欧洲最有活力的城市之一
33.in the church 在教堂
34.underground train = subway 地铁
35.translate things for sb 为某人翻译事情
translate ... into ... 把......翻译成......
36.pack light clothes 打包轻的衣服
37.answer the phone 接电话
38.call people back 回电
39.find out 弄明白
40.go on a nature tour 去亲近大自然的旅行
41.have a great whale watch tour
举行一次大型观鲸之旅
42.depend on 取决于
43.in eastern China=in the east of China 在华东
44.cook one's own meals
= cook meals by oneself 为自己煮饭
45.save money 省钱
46.give me some suggestions for vacation spots 给我一些旅游景点好提议
47.be away 离开
48.how far 多远
49.amusement park 游乐园


本单元重点句型
1. where would you like to go on vacation? I’d like to trek through the jungle.
2. l like places where the weather is always warm.
3. I like to go somewhere relaxing 我喜欢去休闲的地方
4. For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris?你下次度假为什么不考虑去巴黎?
5. Traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money.乘坐出租车游览巴黎要花费很多钱
6. So unless you speak French yourself, it’s best to travel with someone who can translate things for you. 因此,除非你自己会讲法语,否则最好与一个能为你翻译的人一起去。
7. We’d like to be away for three weeks. 我们大约要去三个星期.
8. I hope you can provide me with some information about the kinds of vacations that your firm can offer 我希望能给我提供一些贵公司能经营的旅游项目的信息.
10.Could you please give me some suggestions for vacation spots?你能给我一些有关度假地的建议吗?
本单元语法讲解
1.would like的用法
would like意为“想,想要”,与want意义相同,但语气更委婉。would like可与任何人称连用,没有人称和数的变化,肯定句中would常在主语后面缩写为’d。
肯定句:主语 + would like …
一般疑问句:Would + 主语 + like …?
特殊疑问句:疑问词 + would + 主语 + like …?
基本用法:
1. would you like sth. “想要某物”。表征求意见,其肯定答语常为Yes, please。否定答语常为No, thanks.如:
— Would you like some tea? (疑问句中仍用some)
— Yes, please. / No, thanks.
2. would you like to do sth. “想要做某事”。表征求意见,其肯定答语常为thanks./I'd love /like to。否定答语常为I'd love /like to,but...如:
— Would you like to go shopping with me?
— Yes, I’d like to. / I’d like to, but I have to do my homework.
3. would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事”。如:
Jim would like his friend to help him with his English.
2.以-ed结尾和以-ing结尾的形容词
以-ing和-ed的结尾的形容词,常用来表示“特征”和“状态”。具体用法如下:
  
1、-ing 结尾的形容词
 
 1) -ing 结尾的形容词,主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质或特征,若用它们说明人,则表示此人具有此性质或特征。通常译为“令人……的”。(如:amazing令人吃惊的 boring令人厌烦的 embarrassing令人尴尬的,令人难堪的 interesting 有趣的 surprising 令人吃惊的 worrying 令人着急的 exciting令人激动的 等)。如:
  
(1) The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
  
(2) The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。
  
比较并体会以下句子:
  He is frightened. 他很害怕。 He is frightening. 他很吓人。
 
 2) 在句中作表语、定语和补语。
 
 (1) The father was disappointed at the disappointing news that his son failed the exam. 听到儿子考试不及格这个令人失望的消息,父亲感到很失望。(定语)
  
(2)The film is very boring.这部电影很乏味。(表语)
  
(3)He found it interesting to play games with his sister .他觉得和他的妹妹一起玩游戏很有趣。
 
 2、以后缀 –ed结尾的形容词
  1)–ed结尾的形容词,通常用于说明句中主语(人)的情绪变化,常译为“某人感到……的” 。 (如amazed吃惊的/惊讶的 bored感到厌烦的 embarrassed尴尬的,难堪的,困窘的 interested 感到有趣的 surprised感到吃惊的 worried感到着急的 excited感到激动的; delighted, pleased高兴的;disappointed失望的 等)。在句中作表语、定语、补语或状语。
如:(1) I'm interested in interesting people. 我对有趣的人感兴趣。(表语)
  
(2)He was worried about his worrying son.他为他令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。(表语)

Unit 8 I’ll help clean up the city parks .


1.chean up 打扫干净
2.cheer up=make sb happier 使...振奋
3.give out=hand out 分发
4.put off (doing)sth 推迟(做某事)
5.set up=start;establish 建立
6.think up =come up with 想出
7.look after =take care of =care for 照顾
8.fix up=repair/fix sth 修理
9.give away 赠送
10.put up = put sth on the wall 张贴
11.work out fine 很有效
12.at once 马上
13.work outside 在外工作
14.help homeless people 帮助无家可归的人
15.help sb with sth 帮助某人某事
16.write down sth 写下某事
17.set up a food bank 建立一个食物救济站
18.call sb up 打电话给某人
19.put sth to good use
=make good use of sth 把…好好使用
20.take after=be similar to sb
=look like sb 与…相象
21.give away sth to sb 赠送某人某物
22.use up sth/run out of sth
=don’t have any more of sth 用完某物
23.sb spend time doing sth
=It take sb+ 时 to do sth 发时间做某事
24.tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事
25.donate sth to sb =give away sth. to sb
向某人赠送某物
26.at the elementary school 在小学
27.coach a football team for sb为某人训练一支足球队
28.help disabled people 帮助残疾人
blind/deaf people 盲人/聋人
29.It’s one’s pleasure to do sth 很乐意做某事
30.be able/unable to do sth 可能/不能做某事
31.appreciate sb 感激某人
32.Clean-up Day 清洁日
33.not only …but also… 不仅…而且…
34.be home to ….的家
35.volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事
36.each of them 他们中的每个人(两个或以上)
37.plan to do sth 计划做某事
38. test paper 考卷
39.sports club 运动俱乐部
40.a photo of sb 某人的一张照片
41.send sth to sb =send sb sth 送某人某物
42.make it possible for sb to do sth使某人做某事成为可能
43. fill sth with sth 用…充满…
be filled with=be full of 充满;填满
44.face the challenge 面队挑战
45.open/shut doors 开/关门
46.be difficult for sb 对某人来说很困难
47.a friend of mine(双重所有格)
=one of my friends 我的一个朋友
48.get a specially trained dog 得到一只特别训练的狗
49.train to do sth 训练做某事
50.understand different instructions
明白不同的指示
51.fetch one’s book 取来某人的书
52.bring home 带回家


本单元重点句型
1.We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. 我们不能推迟制订计划,清洁日离现在只有两周了。
2.She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作,使这个爱好得到较好的利用
3.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐,而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。
4. He also put up some sign asking for old bikes. 他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的广告。
6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很有效。
7. He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who don’t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车,并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。
本单元语法讲解
动词短语
在现代英语中,动词之后加上介词或副词构成的短语表达一种特定的含义,这种结构称为动词短语。动词短语主要分为以上几种:
1.“动词+介词”构成的动词短语,宾语要放在介词之后。
常见的有:look for , stand for,wait for, take after, hear from, hear of ,look after.
2."动词+副词"构成的动词短语,如果宾语是代词,须置于动词和副词之间如果宾语是名词,既可置于动词和副词之间,也可置于副词之后。
常见的有:cheer up, clean up. Set up, t up, fix up, work out , give out, give away, think up, hand in
hand out, help out.
3."动词+副词+介词”构成的动词短语,宾语只能置于介词之后。
常见的有:come up with,Catch up with,run out of.
4.“动词+名词+介词”构成的动词短语。
常见的有:take care of , make use of , pay attention to.
5.“动词+形容词+介词”构成的动词短语。
常见的有:be late for, be angry with, be busy with, be good at , be good for, be bad for.
Unit 9 When was it invented ?


1.be used for doing sth=be used to do sth用来做
be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
use up 用光
used to 过去常常
2.light bulb 电灯泡
3.microwave oven 微波炉
4.by mistake 错误的
5.by accident 偶然意外
6.fall into 落入
fall asleep 入睡
fall down 摔倒
7.in this way 这样
in the way 挡道的;妨碍的
by the way 顺便提一下;顺便问一下
on the way to... 在去......的路上
8.knock into sb 撞上某人
9.the most helpful invention 最有用的发明
10.scoop ice cream 舀冰淇淋
heated ice cream scoop 舀冰淇淋的勺子
11.shoes with adjustable heels 带有可调整后跟的鞋
12.battery--operated slippers/sneakers电控拖鞋
operate on sb 给某人做手术
=have an operation on sb
13.do sth by mistake 错误的做某事
make mistakes in sth 在某方面犯错误
14.sprinkle... on sth 把...撒在...上面
15.an ancient Chinese legend 一个古老的中国传说
16.boil drinking water 煮饮用水
17. throw sth away 把某物扔掉
throw sth to sb 扔给某人
throw sth at the dog 朝狗扔。。。
18.one hundred years=one century一百年一世纪
early in the 21st century 在21世纪初
19.including sth 包括某事
20.knock into sb/sth 撞上某人/物
knock sb down 撞倒某人
knock at /on the door /window 敲门/窗
21.divide sth into 把...分成...部分
22.move/run towards 朝...方向移动/跑
23.in 1891 在1891年
in the 1890s 在19世纪90年代
24.have a history class 上一节历史课
25.It's believed that 人们相信
It's heard that 人们听说
It's said that 据说
It's reported that 据报道
26.travel around China 游览中国
27.since then 自从那以后
28.notice sb /sth/ do sth 注意某人/物做了某事
notice sb /sth doing sth注意某人/物正在做某事
29.the number of ...的数字
a number of sth = many 许多
30.dream about /of doing sth 梦想做某事
31.much-loved sport 深受人们喜爱的运动
32.a doctor called/named… 一个叫...的医生
33.be born in /on 出生于
34. in history 历史上
35.take park in 参加
36.in the dark 在黑暗中
37.change the style of sth 改变...的风格
38.oven on open fire 在篝火上的煮


本单元重点句型
1.When was the car invented?小汽车是什么时候被发明的?
2.When were electric slippers invented?电子拖鞋是什么时候被发明的?
3.Who were they invented by?他们是被谁发明的?
4.What are they used for?他们被用来做什么?
They are used for seeing in the dark.他们是用来在黑暗中照明的。
本单元语法讲解
被动语态
一、语态概述


英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。


主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如:Many people speak English.

谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。


被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。 例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。


二、被动语态的构成


被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。


一般现在时:am/is/are+taught


一般过去时:was/were+taught


一般将来时:will/shall be+taught


现在进行时:am/is/are being+taught


过去进行时:have/has been+taught


现在完成时:have/has been+taught

情态动词+被动语态:情态动词+be
+taught

歌诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。


三、被动语态的用法


(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。


例如:Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)

This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。


(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。


例如:the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。


This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。


Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。


四、主动语态变被动语态的方法


(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。
例如:

All the people laughed at him.

→He was laughed at by all people.


They make the bikes in the factory.

→ The bikes are madeby them in the factory.


歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。


注意:
一、不用被动语态的情况
1)不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态(即多数的瞬间动词):   appear, die(死亡),disappear(消失), end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand   break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语:   fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
3)系动词无被动语态(“keep”除外):   appear, be ,become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn
4)带同源宾语的及物动词,反身代词,相互代词,不能用于被动语态:   die, death, dream, live, life   She dreamed a bad dream last night.
二、有些动词后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但改为被动结构后要加上“to”。常见的动词有:1)感官动词:hear,watch,see,notice,look at,listen to , feel 2)使役动词:make ,let
例如   We heard him sing in his room just now.   
→He was heard to sing in his room just now.
三、带双宾语的被动语态
在用于被动结构时,有些动词可以带双宾语。在这种情况下,主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时,直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面;直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前通常加上介词for/to, etc.
My uncle gave mea gifton my birthday.  
 →Iwas given a gifton my birthday.   
→A giftwas given tomeon my birthday.
四、有些动词表主语本身的属性时,用主动形式表示被动意义。 常见的动词有:write,wash, read, cook,sell,break,open等。 
 This pen writes well.   这支笔好写。
This new book sells well. 这种新书很好卖。
Unit10 By the time I got outside ,the bus had already left .


1.by the time 到...时候
2.go off 闹响
3.run off to 迅速跑掉; 离开去
4.on time 准时 ; 按时
in time 及时
5.break down 损坏,出故障
break off 突然中断
6.show up 出席 露面
7.set off 激起 引起
8.get married to 和某人 结婚
9.a piece of 一片 一块
10.The door is locked. 门被锁上了
11.break out 爆发
12. flee from + 地点 从某地逃离
flee away 逃离/逃跑
13.ask sb to marry sb 求婚
14.feel embarrassed 感觉尴尬
an embarrassing thing 一件尴尬的事
15.get up 起床
16.first of all 首先
17.get in the shower 洗澡
=go into the bathroom 洗澡
18.get dressed in 穿衣
19.leave sth +地点 把某人的某物落在某地
20.make it (to sth) 来的及某事;
办成功,做成功;约时间
21.be late for school 上学迟到
22.come close to doing sth 差点做某事
be close to … 离......近
23.wait for sb to do sth 等待某人做某事
24.come out 出版/出来
25.in one's car=by car 乘车
26.give sb a ride =give a ride to sb 搭便车
27.the final bell 最后的铃声
28.invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
29.stay up late 熬夜到很迟
30.costume party 化妆舞会
31.happen to sb (happen无被动语态 )
发生在某人身上
32.a radio program 一个广播节目
33.land on the earth 在地球着陆
34.move across 穿过
35.so convincing that… 如此令人信服以致…
36. hundreds of 成百上千
thousands of 成千上万
37. across the whole country 整个国家
=all over the whole country
38.stop doing sth 停止做某事
39.lose both A and B 失去A和B


本单元重点句型
1.by the time i got up ,my brother had already gotten in the shower.当我起床时,我的哥哥已经进入了盥洗室。
2.When she got to school , she realized she had left her backpack at home.当她到达学校时,她意识到她把书包落在了家里。
3.When i got to school , the final bell was ringing. I only just made it to my class.当我到校时,正好打最后一遍铃。我刚好赶上上课。
4.He asked her to marry him.他请求她嫁给他。
本单元语法讲解
过去完成时
过去完成时(past perfect)表示过去的某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。
基本结构
主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done)
①肯定句:主语+had+过去分词.
②否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词.
③一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+had. 否定回答:No,主语+had not .
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)?
基本用法
(1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示。
例如: By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟,我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。
(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。 例如: I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候,我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
(3)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
例如: I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。
She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。
(4)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
例如: He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。