英语翻译Office Automation is a general term that includes a wide
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英语翻译
Office Automation is a general term that includes a wide range of applications of computer,communication and information technologies in office environments.Though automation is in a continual state of flux,the size of the market is huge,with annual investments measured in billions of dollars.Automation has altered not only our work environment,but our very concept of work.
The technology we see today had its start in the 1960s,when 3 clearly identifiable streams of development became evident.The first was computing,where the earliest applications were automated payroll and inventory-control systems.Other applications were also limited to the processing of numerical data.These systems were usually operated only by programmers in the data-processing division of the organization,who jealously guarded their computers and the power their knowledge of the computer gave them.Nevertheless,the applications of computers in organizational settings grew to include more and more kinds of data processing.
The second stream of technological development was in the area of text processing.In the mid-1970s IBM introduced a product called the MCST - Magnetic Card Selectric Typewriter.This device had a box crammed with electronic equipment.The operator would insert a specially coated card the size and shape of a standard IBM punch card into a slot on the top of the box and would type on the attached typewriter as usual.The card served as a memory device,on which the text would be written in a code based on magnetized spots.Once it was entered,the text could be edited and played back,causing a new copy to be typed out on the attached typewriter.Compared to current word-processing systems,this one was primitive,but it worked.
While the first 2 streams were centered around the processing of information in the office,the third,COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY,focused on the movement of information from one place to another.A wide range of techniques to achieve this end were introduced,from telex and facsimile services to services using specially conditioned TELEPHONE lines and others using sophisticated satellite links between distant points (see SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS).The industry today includes several types of coaxial cables,fibre optic lines,cellular telephones,and packet-switched radio and telephone links.
请不要直接用工具翻译,翻译要语句通顺的!
The most dramatic shift for business in communications technology has been the Internet.Increasing use of the Internet in the form of e-mail and websites is transforming the work environment.The Internet has broken down traditional geographic barriers to communication,opened up markets,and created an environment of almost instantaneous feedback.As the government policy of convergence makes high-speed Internet the norm,businesses will rely more and more on the Internet for their communication needs.
Office Automation is a general term that includes a wide range of applications of computer,communication and information technologies in office environments.Though automation is in a continual state of flux,the size of the market is huge,with annual investments measured in billions of dollars.Automation has altered not only our work environment,but our very concept of work.
The technology we see today had its start in the 1960s,when 3 clearly identifiable streams of development became evident.The first was computing,where the earliest applications were automated payroll and inventory-control systems.Other applications were also limited to the processing of numerical data.These systems were usually operated only by programmers in the data-processing division of the organization,who jealously guarded their computers and the power their knowledge of the computer gave them.Nevertheless,the applications of computers in organizational settings grew to include more and more kinds of data processing.
The second stream of technological development was in the area of text processing.In the mid-1970s IBM introduced a product called the MCST - Magnetic Card Selectric Typewriter.This device had a box crammed with electronic equipment.The operator would insert a specially coated card the size and shape of a standard IBM punch card into a slot on the top of the box and would type on the attached typewriter as usual.The card served as a memory device,on which the text would be written in a code based on magnetized spots.Once it was entered,the text could be edited and played back,causing a new copy to be typed out on the attached typewriter.Compared to current word-processing systems,this one was primitive,but it worked.
While the first 2 streams were centered around the processing of information in the office,the third,COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY,focused on the movement of information from one place to another.A wide range of techniques to achieve this end were introduced,from telex and facsimile services to services using specially conditioned TELEPHONE lines and others using sophisticated satellite links between distant points (see SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS).The industry today includes several types of coaxial cables,fibre optic lines,cellular telephones,and packet-switched radio and telephone links.
请不要直接用工具翻译,翻译要语句通顺的!
The most dramatic shift for business in communications technology has been the Internet.Increasing use of the Internet in the form of e-mail and websites is transforming the work environment.The Internet has broken down traditional geographic barriers to communication,opened up markets,and created an environment of almost instantaneous feedback.As the government policy of convergence makes high-speed Internet the norm,businesses will rely more and more on the Internet for their communication needs.
办公自动化系统是一个通用术语,它包括一系列范围广泛的应用,计算机,通信和信息技术的办公环境中.虽然自动化是在不断的变化,市场的规模是巨大的,每年来衡量投资数十亿美元.自动化改变不仅是我们的工作环境,但我们的概念工作.
这项技术我们今天看到了其在上世纪60年代开始,当3明确识别流的发展很明显.首先是计算,其中最早的申请被自动发薪和库存控制系统.其他应用还仅限于处理数字数据.这些系统通常只能由程序员运作的数据处理部门的组织,谁嫉妒看守他们的电脑和电力的知识给他们的电脑.然而,计算机的应用在组织设置的国家包括美国,越来越多的各种数据处理.
第二个流技术发展领域中的文字处理.在1970年代中期,IBM推出的产品名为MCST -磁卡Selectric打字机.该器件有一个方块挤满了电子设备.运营商将插入一个特殊涂层卡的大小和形状标准的IBM打卡到插槽上方的方块中,将输入的重视打字机如常.该卡作为存储设备,该文本将被写入了代码的基础上磁化点.一旦进入,文字可以编辑和回放,造成的一个新副本是输入了所附的打字机.相比目前的文字处理系统,这是原始的,但它工作.
虽然是第一次2流为中心的信息处理办公室,第三个,通信技术,重点是流动的信息从一个地方运送到另一个地方.各种各样的技术来实现这一目的介绍,从用户电报和传真服务,以服务为条件使用专门的电话线和其他使用先进的卫星之间的联系远点(见卫星通信) .当今业界包括几种类型的同轴电缆,光纤线,移动电话,和分组交换的无线电和电话联系.
补充:最引人注目的转变为商业通信技术一直是互联网.越来越多地使用互联网的形式,电子邮件和网站,改变了工作环境.互联网打破了传统的地理障碍的沟通,开辟了市场,并创造了一种环境,几乎瞬时反馈.作为政府政策的趋同使高速互联网的规范,企业将越来越依赖于互联网的通信需要.
这项技术我们今天看到了其在上世纪60年代开始,当3明确识别流的发展很明显.首先是计算,其中最早的申请被自动发薪和库存控制系统.其他应用还仅限于处理数字数据.这些系统通常只能由程序员运作的数据处理部门的组织,谁嫉妒看守他们的电脑和电力的知识给他们的电脑.然而,计算机的应用在组织设置的国家包括美国,越来越多的各种数据处理.
第二个流技术发展领域中的文字处理.在1970年代中期,IBM推出的产品名为MCST -磁卡Selectric打字机.该器件有一个方块挤满了电子设备.运营商将插入一个特殊涂层卡的大小和形状标准的IBM打卡到插槽上方的方块中,将输入的重视打字机如常.该卡作为存储设备,该文本将被写入了代码的基础上磁化点.一旦进入,文字可以编辑和回放,造成的一个新副本是输入了所附的打字机.相比目前的文字处理系统,这是原始的,但它工作.
虽然是第一次2流为中心的信息处理办公室,第三个,通信技术,重点是流动的信息从一个地方运送到另一个地方.各种各样的技术来实现这一目的介绍,从用户电报和传真服务,以服务为条件使用专门的电话线和其他使用先进的卫星之间的联系远点(见卫星通信) .当今业界包括几种类型的同轴电缆,光纤线,移动电话,和分组交换的无线电和电话联系.
补充:最引人注目的转变为商业通信技术一直是互联网.越来越多地使用互联网的形式,电子邮件和网站,改变了工作环境.互联网打破了传统的地理障碍的沟通,开辟了市场,并创造了一种环境,几乎瞬时反馈.作为政府政策的趋同使高速互联网的规范,企业将越来越依赖于互联网的通信需要.
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